History has called us into Action

Japanese way of Apology Aug. 15, 2006

Japan with a history of aggression, crimes against Humanity, with NO signs of remorse is untrustworthy to be a permanent member on the UN Security Council. Letter to U.N. Secretary General Millions already joined to reject Japan

German way of Apology Dec. 7, 1970

This immense scale of criminal enrichment through extortion, pillage, slavery, sex slaves & drugs is definitely the worst case of criminal enrichment against Humanity committed by a country in our modern History. Like ALL the Western colonial countries, Japan today's wealth & prosperity is also built upon the Criminal Enrichment foundation of its long brutal past.

In the past, Japan had NEVER been a rich country during its long history. Japan was always a poor country. Japan had been a poor country for more than thousand years. To its neighbouring countries, Japan was well known as the ruthless sea pirates called "Wokou" along the sea coast and brutal looters along the sea shore areas. Qi Jiguang, a Chinese military general defeated the ruthless Japanese pirates and was remembered as a national hero : Battles against Japanese pirates. Ironically, in 2009 despite criticism of action beyond its pacifist constitution, Japan sends 2 navy ships to the Somali coast for anti-piracy mission.

Exactly like ALL the Western colonial rich countries i.e. G8 , Japan also became a rich country mainly through various brutal colonial Crimes. But behind the polite bow hidden the devilish mind, in terms of morality and ethics, Japan is the world's poorest nation.

Back in 1895, one would truly become speechless if recalls the fact that, Japan extorted a phenomenal huge sum of JiaWu War (first Sino-Japanese War) reparation - Treaty of Maguan (Shimonoseki) from China, i.e. on top of Taiwan, the Pescadores (Penghu) and Liaotung peninsula etc, China also had to pay war indemnity 231 Million taels (i.e. more than 8.5 Million kg ) of silver.

In 1901, nearly bankrupt China also had to pay 450 Million taels (i.e. approx. 17 Million kg ) of silver in 39 years with 4 % yearly interest rate for the Boxer Rebellion war indemnity to eight foreign colonial powers ( G8 - Canada + Austria ), i.e. U.S., Britain, France, Germany, Russia, Italy, Austria, and Japan.

So great vast sum of money for any wealthy nation let alone one as poor as China. Fortunately, a Chinese ambassador LiangCeng in US accidentally discovered that the foreign colonial powers ( G8 - Canada + Austria ), had "mis-calculated" their demand for the Boxer war indemnity, and over-charged 2 times than should be without even telling China. After almost one year intense refund negotiation, finally reluctantly, U.S. and later Britain, France had no choice, but to earmark the "mis-calculated Chinese money" for overseas education of the Chinese students as the Boxer Fellowship, e.g. used by Chen Ning Yang, a Nobel Prize-winning theoretical physicist who is also famous for the Yang-Mills Theory, for our current understanding of subatomic particles. The "mis-calculated Chinese money" later formed basis of the famous China's MIT, Tsinghua University.

Japan refused to earmark the mis-calculated portion of Chinese money. In total, Japan got 34.7 million plus interest of 41 million taels of silver from the Boxer war indemnity.

The Treaty of Versailles, made Germany to pay war indemnity at some 6.6 billion pounds which many historians argue was beyond Germany's ability to pay and unleashed massive resentment fueling the rise of Nazi party, Adolf Hitler and WWII. Yet, the total war indemnity imposed by the colonial G8 - Canada + Austria onto China was much harsher than Germany. China could not pay the crushing staggering war indemnity and had to borrow money from several Western countries and paid heavy interest.

Total war indemnity that China had to pay Japan alone was a staggering capital 265 million plus interest 321 million taels of silver (i.e. Total 586 Million taels of silver in 1895, about 7 times China's annual revenue), i.e. approx. 22 Million kg of silver.

In fact, China continued to pay Japan the past war indemnity up to WWII.

With the phenomenal huge amount of Chinese money, not only Japan's economic took off immediately, Japan was also able to double the size of its army and was soon ready for more aggression, behavioured exactly like ALL the Western colonial countries, i.e. G8, after tasting the extorted wealth through colonial crimes: Armed with the Chinese money to invade China, so to loot more Chinese wealth.

In 1910, Japan brutally colonized Korea. And started its 36 years of brutal colonial governance to exploit Korean resources and wealth.

Before the War, Japan was quite aware of the social destruction that addictive drugs could cause, as well as the devastating role that British Opium had brought onto China. Therefore, following British Opium footsteps, the Japanese distributed Opium , Heroin and Morphia along the Chinese coast.

During Japan's 36 years of brutal colonial governance of Korea, the Japanese forced Korean farmers to grow opium for Japan's opium operations .

In 1918, the Japanese opium profit in Taiwan alone had reached more than 8 Million yen.

In 1931, when China was still engaging in its Chinese Civil War, Japan seized the opportunity and engineered a railway sabotage known as the "Mukden Incident" or "918 Invasion" or "Manchurian Incident" as an excuse to resumed its invasion. Following the explosion of the local railway line, the Japanese army blamed Chinese soldiers for sabotaging its supply lines. Within months, Japan occupied much of the Northeastern part - Manchuria of China and later declared Manchuria was to be independent from China as the "Manchukuo" puppet state.

Japan even had a top-secret "Fugu Plan" to create an "Israel in Asia" in Manchuria by offering European Jews a safe haven in return for their financial and technical skills to help colonizing Manchuria.

Japan immediately transformed Manchuria into a vast poppy field. Mitsui then processed Manchurian Opium into Heroin.

Japan's opium trade in China was considered an essential financial resource for the Imperial Japanese Army and Japan's puppet governments.

Major Gen. Ryukichi Tanaka, at the postwar Tokyo war crime tribunal claimed Tojo scooped "great sums of money" from Satomi's secret opium funds. Lt. Gen. Kiyonobu Shiozawa, Tojo's most-favored protege, went from Beijing to Tokyo about every 2 months and "brought back great sums of money for Tojo" each time, Tanaka testified. Shiozawa headed the Beijing office of the China Affairs Board (Ko-a-in), a Japanese wartime government body. In the Tokyo tribunal, Satomi also testified as a witness that he handed over all the profits of his opium business to the China Affairs Board and Imperial army as well.

Japan became the largest Opium producer throughout the first half of the 20th century, initially in Korea, and then in Manchuria.

According to "A Fair Chance for Asia" by Putnam Weale, even as early as 1919, Japan already distributed 20 tons of morphia to China annually - sufficient to poison a whole nation.

During the War of 14 years of brutal WWII, Japan invaded and started brutal exploitation of the areas it conquered, robbed other Asian country's wealth, treasures and natural resources.

In the meantime, Japan continued to criminally enrich itself with hundreds of millions by acting as an Opium, Heroin, Morphia Drug Distributor as its state Official Policy to finance its war machine.

The WMD Drug Warfare was conducted with full approval from Tokyo as a state Official Policy, under the directives of an official Japanese umbrella organization, the China Affairs Board, run by Prince Konoye.

In Manchuria, Japanese open the " Opium Dens" or "Opium Divans" to all, even teenagers; consumption was increasing; and Japanese Opium made huge criminal enrichment as the Japanese authorities cynically acknowledged, by imprinting a flowering poppy on their Manchukuo coins.

By 1937, Japan and its gangster operated world's largest drug trafficking system and were responsible for 90 % of the world's illicit narcotics.

At a 1937 League of Nations Opium Advisory Committee meeting, Russell Pasha declared Japan was responsible for virtually ALL of the world's illicit narcotics.

For details, refer to book Opium Empire: Japanese Imperialism and Drug Trafficking in Asia, 1895-1945.

In 1944, Violet Sweet Haven, a journalist working in Asia, described in her book "Gentlemen of Japan : A Study in Rapist Diplomacy" : "The Harbin and Dairen narcotics factories were financed by the Mitsui and Suzuki banking houses ..... Japanese military found that the opium-smoking Chinese troops were the first to surrender and that the dope addicts of Mukden were the least troublesome of the civilian population ..... ordered factories opened in Harbin and Dairen to convert raw opium into heroin and morphine ..... A new kind of cigarette, which peddlers sold for less than the cheapest Chinese smoke or gave away free ..... The cigarettes were no bargain, for they were filled with heroin, and addiction to drugs swept through these areas.

The WMD Opium Drug Warefare criminally enriched Japan $300 million (equivalent of $3.5 billion in 2001) per year from the bankrupt China with its Drug strategy of nation against nation.

Though the Nazi regime lost the war, German companies profited from Slave labor. German Industrial Wealth was 17 times larger After the war than in 1939 by using Slave laborers according to economic historian Dietrich Eichholz.

Similar to the Nazi, Japan kidnapped and forced Millions of labor Slaves and PoWs to criminally enrich its fortune.

"The Japanese were running no less than the biggest Slave shipping operation since the middle passage, the African Slave Trade," California based lawyer Barry Fisher said.

In 1939, the Japanese government passed the National General Mobilization law, which forced all colonial subjects, including Koreans, and Chinese in Taiwan and Manchuria, to work wherever needed by Tokyo.

Millions of so-called "romusha" Asians worked as Slaves forced by the Japanese across Asia Pacific. It is estimated more than 15 Million Asians and PoWs were used as Slaves and only fraction of the survivors may still be alive.

Although Japan had destroyed most of its war documents to conceal its crimes, what can almost be certain is that, Japan had surpassed Nazi German in both the Number and Brutalities of using the Slaves in both Before and During the War.

Japan set up numerous Slave Camps all over Asia. According to Japanese official record, in Japan alone, there were 135 Slave Camps for 35 Japanese companies, 22 of which are still in business.

More shocking is that the death rate in Nazi-run PoW camps was 1.1 %; but in Japanese prisoner camps it was a staggering 35.7 %, according to The Center for Civilian Internee Right, Inc..

But, the Most shocking fact is that the Death rate in the Japan's Asian Slave Camps was even higher than the PoW Camps.

In the so-called Hanaoka Incident, about 100 Slaves were killed in 3 days after the unsuccessful escape. In total, more than 418 of the nearly 1,000 men sent to Hanaoka were dead by the end of War. Shocking fact is that Hanaoka was hardly the worst site.

The death count was even higher at other Asian Slave Camps in Japan.

In the late 1930s, Japanese army began what it euphemistically called "pacification" campaigns to seize workers for Manchuria's mines and factories. "At least 9 Million northern Chinese and their families were coerced or tricked into going to Manchuria, where they were used as forced laborers," according to He Tianyi, a scholar. Prisoners were held in concentration camps, then handed over to Japanese companies in Manchuria -- for a fee.

In S.Korean, the Congresswoman Kim stressed, “ The number of victims including forced laborers, those drafted for military service, sex slaves, is about 7.5 Millions".

Not to mention Millions more Slaves enslaved by Japan in other Asian countries.

It is also known as the "Compulsory Seizure Campaign", better known as "Laborer Hunting", in which the Japanese army kidnapped Chinese and exported them to Japan to work as Slaves at mines, construction sites and docks from Kyushu to Hokkaido.

At least 2,700 American PoW as Slave labored in the factories, mines and shipyards of Mitsubishi subsidiaries.

Linda Goetz Holmes detailed in her book Unjust Enrichment: How Japan's companies built postwar fortunes using American PoWs.

After 1939, the historians calculate, the number of Asians Slaves kept in one Chikuho region only had swelled to over a Million.

According to Japanese current foreign minister Taro Aso family's Aso Mining Company's own statistics, in Mar. 1944, it had a total of 7,996 Korean laborers. 300 Allied PoW were enslaved at the Aso Yoshikuma coal mine or knwon as the Fukuoka PoW Branch Camp No. 26. Japanese current foreign minister Taro Aso himself ran the Fukuoka company from 1973-79, and continues to maintain his relationship with the firm.

In Jan. 2009, for the 1st time, after 64 years of denial, Japanese Prime Minister Aso acknowledged that his family Aso Mining used 300 PoW slaves. More details.

"Because Aso's family connection gave him the opportunity to address wrongs in the firm, and he did not do so," making him an unsuitable foreign minister by German standards according to German Embassy official in Tokyo. Japanese Foreign Ministry in Tokyo did not respond to inquiries on the issue.

Japan also criminally enriched itself with hundreds of millions by abducting, kidnapping and forcing hundreds of thousands of young girls and women into Sex Slaves as pay service to its soldiers.

The Sex Stations were not only used by the militaries, also used by the Japanese Businessmen. According to the “Regulations for Garrison Comfort Stations” published by Mandalay Headquarters on 26 May, 1943, the businessmen paid the same fees as the Japanese officers’ rates. All the Sex Slaves were ordered to collect tickets from the Japanese, which would be used to calculate their payment. Yet NOT a single cent was ever given to Mardiyem or the other girls.

Using the Sex Slavery threat, Japanese also extorted large sums of money from the women's families as ransom in exchange for their Sex Slavery.

In Hong Kong, Mr. Ng Yat-Hing, the chairperson of the Hong Kong Reparation Association, tells another fact of Japanese extortion: From 1941 to 1945, HK was under the control of Japanese Imperial Army. During this dark period, all other currencies were forbidden except the Japanese Military Yen called "gunpyo". HK residents were forced to hand out their HK and foreign currency, gold, jewelry etc to exchange the Military Yen "gunpyo". Whoever disobeyed were executed. All the gold and valuables were either shipped back to Japan or used to buy military materials, foreign currencies, precious metals, and other coins. The exchange rate at that time was 2 to 4 HK dollars for 1 Military Yen "gunpyo".

After the war, the Military Yen "gunpyo" immediately became worthless paper. Many residents were bankrupted and some became beggars while others starved to death. Many families had become broke over night.

The bills stated they could be coverted into yen at par value. For decades, the Association has been unsuccessfully demanding the Japanese government to take the responsibility of exchanging the Military Yen "gunpyo" which totals 540 million, now valued at about US $1.28 Billion, back to HK dollars. In August 1993, they filed a law suit with the Tokyo District Court. There has been 28 hearings in the Japanese court.

On June 17, 1999 the Tokyo District Court rejected their request. Presiding Judge Seiichiro Nishioka acknowledged that the exchange of HK dollars with Military Yen "gunpyo", was compulsory. He said, "Whether the plaintiffs should be compensated is not a matter to be decided by the courts but one to be decided by the Diet."

"We are NOT demanding for war compensation, we are demanding Japan to pay back their legal DEBT", said Mr. Ng.

"The Japanese government's fraudulent act of reneging on its debts will remain in History."

The Japanese National Bank had admitted having issued 1.9 Billion Military Yen in Hong Kong. There are 3,500 families who are still holding some 0.54 Billion Military Yen in hands. The Hong Kong fight to cash in Japanese military yen.

Japanese courts rejected a similar claim filed by a Taiwan Chinese woman on her Military Yen "gunpyo" in the early 1980s.

In mainland China, "Opium was too dirty and it has been kept secret until now" said Hideo Kobayashi, a professor at Waseda University in Tokyo. The latest finding in the document on the Japanese-run opium firm Hung Chi Shan Tang, now kept in the National Diet Library, reveals Japan used opium to gain economic hegemony over China's yuan-based legal tender in the 1940s, using it to bolster the Military Yen "gunpyo" scrip. Japan issued Military Yen "gunpyo" to procure materials in China, using the scrip to subvert China's legal tender. He said Tokyo was engaged directly in the currency operation involving opium. The document shows the amount of opium exchanged for Military Yen gunpyo was valued at "nearly Yen 100 Million" in 1942. "This is a tremendous amount. Opium would make a perfect weapon (against legal tender) because its sales were huge," Kobayashi said.

For 45 years, starting from Korea, Japanese gold hunting expert teams accompanying Japan's armed forces had systematically emptied treasuries, banks, factories, private homes, pawn shops, art galleries, and stripped ordinary people, while Japan's top gangsters looted Asia's underworld and black economy.

Japan flooded China with narcotics, giving gangsters drugs in exchange for gold and valuables. Extortion was used to terrorize wealthy individuals, tycoons, clan elders, bankers and businessmen.

Special attention were given to the theft of valuable ancient books, priceless manuscripts and cultural assets.

Among the most valuable articles taken back to Japan were the Asian cultural artworks and historic artifacts.

Russia seized more than 2.5 million art objects, some 12 million books and miles of archives from Nazi and locked away in absolute secrecy for 50 years, until 2 Soviet researchers revealed all. Germany and Russia are now arguing over the fate of these treasures.

Stolen artifacts from Asia found in Japan

It is estimated that Japan had looted more than 2.7 million cultural books, more than 15 thousand cultural artworks and historic artifacts from China. After the war only 158,873 books were returned . Among the lost 300,000 piece of oracle bone inscriptions, nearly 13,000 are still in Japan.

Today, the return of the looted priceless cultural and private assets from across 12 Asian countries by Japan still remains far off the agenda. The Hague Convention regulating wars on land requires art treasures seized by occupying forces to be returned.

During the war, the commander of the 16th Division, Lieutenant General Nakajima Kesago was found looting Chiang Kai-shek's treasures such as rugs and paintings and sending them to Kyoto in 23 boxes.

Japan massively printed forged Chinese bank bills not only to finance itself for free, but also to disrupt the Chinese economy.

Japanese out-performed and were far more thorough than the Nazis in looting and plundering.

The plunder was the wealth and properties of 12 Asian countries, accumulated over thousands of years. Japan systematically searched and looted Asia with plundering enrichment and greediness un-precedented in modern History.

More shocking details of the Japanese Criminal enrichment could be found in the controversial book Gold Warriors: America's Secret Recovery of Yamashita's Gold, backed up by massive amounts of the author's raw research material, which is available in 2 CD-ROMs containing more than 900 megabytes of documents, interviews, maps and photographs assembled during their meticulous research for independent verification.

According to their research, the Emperor Hirohito appointed his brother Prince Chichibu to head a top-secret operation codenamed "kin no yuri", i.e. "Golden Lily" to supervise looting of Asia, mainly from China, Taiwan, Korea and Philippine, then shipped all looted treasures to Japan.

Over 45 years, Japan systematically looted wealth of 12 Asian countries accumulated over thousands of years: currency, gold, platinum, silver, diamonds, gemstones, jewelry, cultural treasures, religious artifacts, art and antiques including more than a dozen solid gold Buddhas, each weighing more than a ton.

The looting and plundering, which was far more thorough than the Nazis, became the Japanese way to finance its brutal war. In China alone, Japan looted 6,000 tonnes of gold from Chinese capital Nanjing in 1938.

From 1942, Chichibu supervised the building of 175 Imperial storage sites to hide the treasure of Golden Lily. When the plunder was unable to be shipped to Japan due to US submarine blockade, the treasure was buried by Japanese wartime commander General Yamashita, known as the "Yamashita's Gold", estimated US$ 500 Billion-plus of wealth looted from 12 Asian countries accumulated over thousands of years.

Hiding the treasure was crucial, so that if Japan lost the war militarily, it would not lose financially. Far from being bankrupted by the war, Japan had been greatly and criminally riched. In an effort to keep the burial locations secret, thousands of Slave laborers, soldiers, and engineers were buried alive with the treasure. After the war, U.S. and former Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos recovered some of them. But substantial portion of the treasure stolen by Japan still remains buried in the Philippine.

For decades, the existence of this hidden treasure was regarded as sheer fantasy. But in the 1990's, courts in America and Switzerland concluded that billions of dollars in gold were looted by Japan and hidden in the Philippine.

A Swiss court disclosed in 1997 that one of the solid gold Buddhas is now in a bank vault beneath Zurich's Kloten Airport, along with a large quantity of other gold bullion recovered by former Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos and held in Marcos family accounts.

In 1997, a team from Japan's Asahi television was led to a mountain cave in the Philippine, where they filmed and examined 1,800 of these bars, worth $150 million, and drilled core samples that confirmed their province.

After Japan's surrender, some golds were recovered by US. But US decided to steal and criminally enrich itself instead of returning to its rightful Asian owner for their economic recovery after War.

According to the Seagraves, US financial experts from CIA instructed Santa Romana to deposit the gold in 176 reliable banks in 42 different countries. Instead of returning these looted gold to the rightful owners of Asian countries for their desparate recovery after the war, U.S. criminally enriched itself by stealing these looted gold and set up Slush Funds to finance and influence politics around the world. The slush funds became US political worldwide action fund to fight communism. The most famous one is known as the Black Eagle Trust, or the M-Fund to reinforce the treasuries of its allies, bribe political leaders, manipulate politics, military, economics and elections around the world.

The fact that China did not sign the San Francisco Peace Treaty, therefore, China has all her rights to the restoration of the recovered gold and treasures.

After the War, according to Segraves, US used the looted treasure from Asia as sort of Japanese Marshall Plan to re-build Japan, and develop Japanese key industries such as coal, iron, shipbuilding and electric power for Japan's so-called "Economic Miracle Recovery" and as bulwark against communism.

"Truth is something governments do not wish to be known. Big corporate media and bootlicking academics have tried to undermine our books by pretending they don't exist or saying that the M-Fund is imaginary. But look at the CD-ROMs. Secrecy, lying and corruption have become the official seal of Tokyo and Washington" says Peggy Seagrave.

The fact that the U.S. still refuses to declassify relevant OSS/CIA materials, in blatant contravention of U.S. Freedom of Information laws, strongly suggests to many scholars and historians that there is something serious to Cover-up.

Japan also criminally enriched by the U.S. Cover-up of State-Terrorism without taking any legal and moral responsibilities and pay compensation to the victims after the War, instead, Japan profited and increased its wealth extensively from the Cold War between U.S. and Soviet, China.

The total past war indemnity that China paid to Japan alone was a staggering capital 265 million plus interest 321 million taels of silver (i.e. Total 586 Million taels of silver in 1895, about 7 times China's annual revenue).

China could not pay the crushing staggering war indemnity and had to borrow money from several Western countries and paid heavy interest.

In fact, China continued to pay Japan the war indemnity up to WWII.

In an extremely vivid contrast, San Francisco Peace Treaty reveals that the reparations matter was postponed until Japan has the financial means to pay.

To cover-up, U.S. insisted that Japan was badly damaged and bankrupt when the war ended, and waived Japan's war reparations.

In fact, few factories and mansions were destroyed or even seriously damaged, and there was little damage to the infrastructure. Japanese industries were dispersed widely and largely concealed from air attack. According to historian John W. Dower, author of Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of WWII, the financial centers, transportation infrastructure, and public utilities in Japan remained largely intact.

According to Segraves, far from being bankrupted by the War, Japan had been greatly and criminally enriched by the Plunder of Asia after the War.

Makoto Tanabe, a Social Democrat in the Japanese Parliament, commented on the redress :

"A compensation without apology is un-ethical. An apology without compensation is mere hypocrisy."

So far, Japan has refused to willingly and honourably follow the great example set by the courageous Germany.

As David Harris has said "Those nations who hide behind the legal technicality will ultimately find that the wall comes tumbling down."

Sooner or later, Japan will be forced to dis-honourably follow the courageous Germany.

In terms of extreme brutalities and atrocities with great magnitude and diversities, Nanjing Massacre is definitely the worst crime case of systematic massacre and rape of civilians and PoWs against Humanity committed by a country in our modern History . So ghastly that it made Nazi's Auschwitz Gas Chamber and the 2 Atomic Bombs appear very Humane.

After losing the 2 infamous Opium War to Britain in 1841 and 1856, China had become the world's largest worst drug case in Human History. The Opium drug caused a disastrous outflow of China's wealth.

China, probably the wealthiest nation on Earth , greatly admired by Marco Polo, Voltaire, Gottfried Leibniz etc., soon became the poorest nation on Earth and started to disintegrate.

By the early of this century, China was long since carved into leased colonial chunks by the colonial powers , i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria . Foreign countries established their own Spheres of Influence within China.

Foreign colonial powers, i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria introduced a Whole Century of Humiliation and many humiliating Unequal Treaties (more than 1,100 treaties) onto China. China had become a semi-colony country.

What the Western countries and Japan, i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria were interested in was the carving up of China. It was exactly that greediness, paradoxically required keeping China together because of their mutual distrust, and resulted in the Open Door Policy for equal trading rights in China by the colonial countries of G8 - Canada + Austria , also the signing of the Nine-Power Treaty affirming the sovereignty and territorial integrity of China pas per the Open Door Policy.

China was not freed from this Unequal Treaty System and the addictive drug Opium, Heroin, and Morphia exported by Britain, U.S., Japan etc until 1945.

The Meiji Restoration had successfully changed Japan from a feudal state to a modern state. Unfortunately, it also successfully transformed Japan from a previous Western Colonial Victim to a Eastern Colonial Aggressor.

Chinese tributary ties to neighboring regions were strongly maintained and were especially strong with Liuqiu Islands (Ryukyu Islands) , Korea , Burma , northern Vietnam as its tributary states. They had been Chinese tributary states for a very very long time.

However, slowly the colonial powers, i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria began to carve in.

Japan brought the Liuqiu Islands (Ryukyu Islands) under its control in the 1870s.

Britain annexed Burma.

Russia gained the Chinese maritime provinces of Northern Manchuria and the areas north of the Amur River in 1860 through forced unequal treaties, i.e. Treaty of Aigun and Treaty of Peking , including Sakhalin island , Stanovoy Range , 64 Villages East of the Heilongjiang River , Heixiazi Island etc. Due to its weakness, China had lost a great deal of territories to Russia.

In a proclamation issued on 27 Sept 1920, the Lenin's Soviet Government declared null and void "all treaties concluded with China by the former governments of Russia" and renounced "all seizure of Chinese territory and all Russian concessions in China" etc. However, Russia never followed Lenin's renouncement of colonial aggression and return the land to China to this day.

Annam (Northern Vietnam) was a Chinese province at the time. In 1882, French colonial forces seized the citadel of Hanoi, the capital of Tonkin, and forced Emperor of Annam to sign Treaty of Hué, ceding Tonkin to France as a protectorate. China rejected the treaty and soon led to the Sino-French War. Due to Chinese Ching government's lack of will to continue the war, and France's overwhelming advantage at sea, in 1885 China acknowledged the Treaty of Hué and gave up its suzerainty over Annam (Northern Vietnam) . Annam (Northern Vietnam) was soon incorporated into French colony Indochina.

The Chinese provincial system was implemented by its Mongol rulers of the Chinese Yuan Dynasty in the late 13th century and then the Qing Dynasty. During the Chinese Qing Dynasty, Mongolia and Tibet or XiZang (Tibet Autonomous Region) were tied together in the Manchus’ imperial management through their mutual military and religious influence, and the military role of the Mongols in the service of the Chinese Qing empire. The Chinese Mongolian–Tibetan enterprise was central to the Qing Dynasty to maintain a delicate balance of ethnic-power within China.

In 1910, Japan struck a secret deal with Russia, under which the former acknowledged the latter's sway over Mongolia in exchange for Korea. Soon, the Russians used force to consolidate control over Chinese Mongolia.

The British, through India, tried to consolidate its control in the Chinese Tibet or XiZang (Tibet Autonomous Region).

Together, the Russian and British unseated the dependency management of the Chinese Qing Empire and undercut the Chinese historical connections of the Tibet or XiZang (Tibet Autonomous Region) , and the Mongolia.

Mongolia was a Chinese province (1691-1911), an autonomous state under Russian protection (1912-19), and again a Chinese province (1919-21). Taking advantage of the extreme turmoil situation in China, the Russian interfered in Mongolia (Russia was bound in Inner Mongolian affairs by Secret treaties with Japan). In 1921, the Soviet troops occupied the Outer Mongolia and supported the independence of Outer Mongolian in 1924. In 1949, just coming to power after years Chinese Civil War , Russian forced China to accept the permanent separation of the Outer Mongolia from China in 1950. Ironically, in reality, the independent Outer Mongolia was quite obvious an anomalous creation by the foreign powers because MAJORITY of the Mongol population are actually living across the border INSIDE the current Chinese Inner Mongolia region.

British invaded the Chinese Tibet twice, i.e. in 1888 and 1903 and occupied Lhasa in 1904. The British's intention was to separate Tibet from Chinese control, but with only limited success. Instead British started to encourage the Tibetans to seek independence. Therefore, later British suggested dividing Chinese Tibet into Outer and Inner Tibet based on the forced model of the Russian over Mongolia. However, China is determined not to make the same mistake to the Taiwan , Tibet or XiZang (Tibet Autonomous Region) influenced by the foreign powers behind Dalai Lama which was clearly documented in the released files in the CIA archive from the U.S. Dept. of State related to Dalai Lama and his U.S. CIA's secret war in Tibet.

In Oct 1998, Dalai Lama finally confessed that they were funded by the U.S. CIA to train and pay for guerrilla warfare against China, the Tibetan government-in-exile said in a statement. It added that the subsidy earmarked for the Dalai Lama was spent on setting up offices in Geneva and New York and on international lobbying against China.

For details, refer to Dalai Lama & Free Tibet : U.S. CIA, Nazi SS, Slavery, Serfdom, Genocide in Tibet, Cultural Genocide, Religious Freedom & Persecution, Vegetarian, Nobel Peace Prize.

In 1872, Japanese Tenno government forcibly carried out the so-called "Ryukyu Disposal" and invaded the centuries old Ryukyu Kingdom which was a Chinese traditional tributary state for a very long time.

In 1874, just 6 years after the Meiji Restoration, Japan invaded Taiwan with the pretext of settling the issue of Ryukyu fishermen killed 3 years earlier. The Qing government accepted the mediation brokered by Britain, but the U.S. and France took side with the Japanese. As a result, the Qing court was forced to sign with Japan the "Special Treaty on Taiwan Affairs", which obligated China to pay Japan an indemnity of $500,000 taels of silver and forced to recognize Ryukyu as part of Japanese territory.

In 1879, Japan brutaly annexed the ancient Ryukyu Kingdom a long time Chinese traditional tributary state and turned it a colony under the name "Okinawa Prefecture" . Then a Series of Massacres carried out by the Japanese that killed a major proportion of the Ryukyuan population in order to clear the Ryukyans' strong Chinese roots and common favors for China. Japanese then systematically executed a brutal Cultural Massacre to eliminate Okinawa's Culture, Okinawa's language, religion, arts, customs. Any link to the Chinese culture was either destroyed or erased. The survived Ryukyuans were then forced to adopt the Japanese language, culture and names. Older Okinawans recall with anger harsh punishments for speaking their local dialect in schools as late as the 1960s. The name of the well known Okinawan art of Karate actually meant "China Hand". Its name was intentionally changed by Japanese to "Empty Hand" to conceal its origin. "That's why I think it's a good thing that Japan lost WWII," said Koichi Kaizawa, 60, an official at the Biratori Ainu Culture Preservation Association. "If Japan had won, so many others would have lost their language and culture."

Okinawans suffered indignities and discrimination in civil rights, economic opportunities, culture and social standing. Japan's minorities' place in the sun. Therefore, after the war, Japan unhesitately offered Okinawa to US for a total of 37 U.S. military bases.

During the war, total death in the Battle of Okinawa was more than the Atomic Bombs of Nagasaki and Hiroshima combined. About 1/3 of the Okinawans population were killed. Many were actually killed by the Japanese army. Many Okinawans were also brain-washed into Group Suicide , Suicide Cliff by the Japanese.

After the war, Roosevelt wanted to return the Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa) back to China. Chiang Kai-shek thought China was too weak at the time and proposed to have a joined adminstration with US for the Ryukyu Islands. However, after the cold war started and desparately needed Japan to be its ally, U.S. ignored China, instead returned the so-called "administrative right over Okinawa" to Japan in 1972.

In 1887, the director of Japanese Second Bureau of the General Staff, drafted the famous "General Plan for a Military Expedition into the Qing State" which contemplated attacks in Beijing, occupations in the Yangtze River area, annexation of the Eastern Liaoning Peninsula, Taiwan, the Pescadores, etc, and in the meantime divided other parts of China into small countries such as Northeast, North China, Jiangnan, Qing Hai and Tibet, Mongolia, Gansu and Zunhgar, which would be all under the control of Japan.

Japanese Commerce and Agriculture Minister Tani Tateki, after returning from a trip to Europe, sent a memorandum to the Japanese Emperor, "..... as far as Europe is concerned, although we will not be directly involved, we can take advantage of such a European turmoil, and become the master of the East in one big leap ....."

For a very long time, Korea had been China's traditional tributary state. To assert the control of Korea, Japan had actively penetrated Korea's political, economic and military affairs. Chinese Qing government was completely corrupted and weakened by the British, US, Frence, Japanese Opium, Heroin and Morphia and was afraid of getting involved with confrontations with the Western and Japan colonial powers, i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria.

In 1894, JiaWu War (first Sino-Japanese War) finally began in July between China and Japan to assert influences over Korea.

According to James Creelman, a war correspondent of the New York World, wrote in the "On the Great Highway" about what he had personally eyewitnessed of the Massacre of Port Arthur ( Lushun Port ) that stunned the international communities. The Massacre of Port Arthur ( Lushun Port ) was widely reported by the foreign journalists around the world.

"the Japanese killed everything they saw. Unarmed men, kneeling in the streets and begging for life, were shot, bayoneted, or beheaded. The town was sacked from end to end, and the inhabitants were butchered in their own houses..... All along the streets we could see the pleading storekeepers shot and sabred. Doors were broken down and windows torn out....."

"In the morning I walked into Port Arthur (Lushun Port) with the correspondent of the London Times. The scenes in the streets were heartrending. Everywhere we saw bodies torn and mangled, as if by wild beasts. Dogs were whimpering over the frozen corpses of their masters. The victims were mostly shopkeepers. Nowhere the trace of a weapon, nowhere a sign of resistance. It was a sight that would damn the fairest nation on earth....."

James Allan also gave his first-hand account of the horror and barbarity: Under the Dragon Flag: My Experiences in the Chino-Japanese War gives a vivid description of the depravity of the Japanese soldiers as they inflicted unimaginable atrocities upon the unarmed Chinese, and revelled in their blood lust.

According to a Japanese army officer who was there that the Port Arthur Massacre was a vengeance. When the battle was over, the Japanese were marching into the town. A young officer found his own brother was killed with atrocious Chinese tortures. Japanese vengeance spread like wildfire through the army.

About 20,000 Chinese civilians including women and children were slaughtered by the Japanese army in vengeance.

The JiaWu War (first Sino-Japanese War) ended with signing the Treaty of Maguan (Shimonoseki) on April 17, 1895. Completely corrupted and weakened by the British, US, Frence, Japanese Opium, Heroin and Morphia, China was no match. Defeated, China was forced to recognize the independence of Korea, cession of Taiwan, the Pescadores (Penghu) and Liaotung peninsula etc and pay an enormous war indemnity : 231 Million taels (i.e. more than 8.5 Million kg ) of silver.......

In Taiwan, Japanese immediately started to clear the Taiwanese strong Chinese roots. Japanese was imposed as the official language and the use of Chinese was forbidden. Students were forced to learn Japanese. All Chinese in Taiwan were forced to adopt the Japanese language and culture. Students were required to bow in the direction of the Emperor Hirohito's Imperial Palace each day.

In 1904, Russian-Japanese fought a war inside China to determine who had more "Rights" to colonize China, ended with Treaty of Portsmouth . Ignoring China, U.S. President Roosevelt presided the treaty: Russia lose all its holdings in China and Japan gain effective control southern Manchuria, securing its influence in Korea. China wasn't even consulted by the foreign colonial powers on how to carve up their share inside China.

In 1910, Japan struck a secret deal with Russia, under which the former acknowledged the latter's sway over Mongolia in exchange for Korea. Therefore, Japan brutally annexed Korea and started 36 years of brutal colonial governance with a Cultural Massacre in Korea. Newspapers were prohibited from publishing in Korean. The study of Korean history was banned at university. School children were forbidden to speak Korean. Japanese even forced Koreans to change name to Japanese names and imposed penalties on those who refused. Forced them to adopt Japanese Shinto Religion etc. Even the traditional Asian lunar New Year was forbidden to celebrate. "That's why I think it's a good thing that Japan lost WWII," said Koichi Kaizawa, 60, an official at the Biratori Ainu Culture Preservation Association. "If Japan had won, so many others would have lost their language and culture."

With the phenomenal huge Chinese war indemnity money, Japan's economic took off immediately and was soon ready for more aggression, behavioured exactly like ALL the Western colonial countries, i.e. G8, after tasting the extorted wealth through colonial crimes.

Chinese "Father of modern China" Dr. Sun Yat-sen visited Japan on 14 occasions and spent a total of nearly 10 years. Sun Yat-sen's 1911 Revolution had strong Japanese connections because many of the movement's leaders were educated in Japan and received some Japanese friends' support who believed that only a strong China could resist incursions by the U.S., European powers, and to maintain Japan independence.

In 1914, Japan seized the opportunity of W.W.I. to expand its sphere of influence in China, Japan declared war on Germany and quickly occupied German-leased territories in China's Shandong province.

In 1915, Further to take advantage of W.W.I. in Europe, Japan demanded China to surrender her sovereignty with a secret ultimatum comprising 21 Humiliating Demands and backed up by the threat of war.

In WWI , China, suffering as a Western colonial victim, sent 140,000 Chinese Labor Corps to help allies and served on the Western Front .2 .3 .4. About 2,000 - 20,000 Chinese had died . Their remains lie in many graveyards in Europe, each headstone marked in Chinese characters . 2 . 3 . At end of WWI at the peace conference in Paris, China requested: do away with the privileges of the imperialist foreign countries in China, demanded the return of the Shandong Peninsula that Japan had taken from Germany, and the abolition of the Japanese "21 Humiliating Demands".

However, not willing to give up their forced colonial privileges in China, the U.S., Britain and France rejected China's demands. Ignoring China, Article 156 of Treaty of Versailles transferred German concessions in Shandong of China to Japan, rather than returning sovereign authority to China.

Upon learning of the news, thousands Chinese students held a rally in the Tiananmen Square on May 4 to protest Japanese expansionism which led directly to the first mass movement in modern Chinese history, i.e. the famous First Chinese university student movement : May 4th Movement in 1919. It triggered a nationwide workers' strikes and the Boycott of Japanese Goods. The movement also ignited a wave of searching efforts by the intellectuals for a solution to save China from foreign colonial powers, i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria. Some advocated gradual cultural reform, while others introduced Marxism and led to the birth of the Chinese Communist Party.

China refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles. Worried about losing their own established forced colonial privileges in China to Japan, the Western countries intervened and later at the Washington Conference, Japan reluctantly agreed to withdraw its troops from Shandong and restore full sovereignty to China.

In 1928, China was still divided by the warlords. Chinese Dr. Sun Yat-Sen's government appointed Chiang Kai-shek as the commander-in-chief of the army to unite China. Japan wanted to provoke war while China was still divided, thus dispatched 3,000 soldiers to the Jinan city under the pretext of protecting Japanese residents and killed the Chinese negotiator Tsai Kung-Shi, and massacred several thousands of Chinese civilians and soldiers in Jinan city, known as the "May 3rd Jinan Massacre". Japanese then assassinated the Chinese warlord Chang Tso-lin after he had expressed his intention to surrender Manchuria to the Chinese government that would threaten Japan's economic privileges and its domination in Manchuria.

Chinese government realized the "May 3rd Jinan Massacre" and the assassination were designed by Japan to provoke war while China was still divided. Chiang Kai-shek ordered the his army to avoid Japanese controlled areas, and later effectively unified China under the government based in Nanjing.

Most American think of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor as the beginning of WWII. But in fact, the brutal WWII was already raging in China since 1931, and nowhere was it more brutal than in Nanking (Nanjing), the capital of China at that time.

1931 Sept 18, when China was still engaging in its Chinese Civil War, Japan seized the opportunity and engineered a railway sabotage known as the "Mukden Incident" or "918 Invasion" or "Manchurian Incident" as an excuse to resumed its invasion. Following the explosion of the local railway line, the Japanese army blamed Chinese soldiers for sabotaging its supply lines. Within months, Japan occupied much of the Northeastern part - Manchuria of China.

In Nov. 1931, the Chinese communists who had rebelled the corrupted ROC government, established a provisional Soviet "government" in Jiangxi Province. Chiang Kai-Shek believed that the Communists must be eliminated before China could effectively repel Japanese invasion. Since he was winning the Civil War at the time, Chiang was determined to carry on the Anti-Communist campaign, so ordered his armies to continue to attack. But one army general Chang Hsueh-Liang disgreed and disobeyed. He flew to Xian on Dec 12, 1936, to confront the general, but was arrested by Chang. After some intense negotiations, Chiang Kai-Shek finally reluctantly agreed to halt the Civil War and joined forces with the Communist army and fought together against the Japanese invasion. It is known as the famous "Xian Incident" which had an extremely profound impact on the course of Chinese History.

1932 Feb 18, Japan declared Manchuria was to be independent from China as "Manchukuo" and set up a puppet state in the name of Puyi who was the last emperor of China.

Japan then moved as many as 2.5 Millions of Japanese and Korean into China over the next few years to prepare for the full invasion.

In the puppet state, Japanese replaced Chinese as the official language. Shinto religion was enforced. 295 Shinto shrines had been erected. The racial ranking was Japanese first, Koreans second, and Manchus and Chinese third. Chinese farmers were deprived of their land, and fled to the mountains or worked as tenant farmers under Japanese settlers. The Japanese discriminated against the Chinese in all areas, e.g. Japanese were allocated white rice, the Koreans half white rice and half sorghum, and the Chinese sorghum. Japan often claims that its colonial rule helped the growth of its colony. But the facts do not support the case for Japanese exceptionalism.

The wage in industries:

1937 July 7, Japan fabricated the "China Incident" or the "77 Marco Polo Bridge Invasion" and launched its full scale invasion into China under the "Greater East Asian Co-prosperity Sphere" colonial dream and resumed its bloody colonization of China, Korean Peninsula and most of Southeast Asia. The invasion triggered the largest dislocation of people, families, schools, hospitals, manufactories etc. in human history.

Since then China had to fight : 38,931 small scale wars , 1,117 medium scale wars , 22 large scale wars in total.

Japan proclaimed that it would need only "3 days to conquer Shanghai, 3 months to conquer China". Yet, not only Japan had to spend 3 months just to capture Shanghai city, but also suffered great casualties.

Japan was the FIRST in Asia engaged in "Indiscriminate Bombing" on civilians started in Jan. 1932 in Shanghai. Thereafter, Japan indiscriminately bombed on Chinese civilians in Nanjing, Wuhan, Chongqing and other cities. Japan dropped numerous incendiary bombs onto the Chinese capital of war time, i.e. Bombing of Chongqing violated international law and gave the U.S. a justification for the incendiary raids. The Japanese government essentially permitted the firebombing of Tokyo and thereafter the rest of urban Japan in 1945.

The bloody Battle of Shanghai lasted 3 months and involved nearly one million troops. It was really bloody engaged in urban house to house combat. Approx. 200,000 died on both sides.

When the prolonged Battle of Shanghai was finally over in mid-November, in vengeance, Japanese soldiers began wreaking their inflamed animosities on Chinese soldiers and civilians throughout their march to Nanjing, the Chinese capital.

2 telegrams from the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration added evidence to support claims of a "Pan-Nanjing Massacre" that included the slaughter of people in the area surrounding China's then capital. The telegrams sent by the U.S. diplomats pointed to the massacre of an estimated half a million people in Shanghai, Suzhou,Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Wuxi and Changzhou according to declassified documents from the US government.

"The new evidence, given by a Japanese official and a third party, prove slaughters took place along the way of the Japanese from Shanghai to Nanjing. The Nanjing Massacre was NOT the beginning" said Wang Lan, a researcher of the State Archives Administration of China.

Japanese commanders deliberately did NOT set up much food and other supply lines for their troop, instead ordered them to live off the land on their way to Nanjing. This meant that soldiers were given Official Permission to loot local peasants and villages. They were under explicit Official Orders to loot for food, other supplies, valuables from the locals.

When Japanese were not able to loot any food from the Chinese due to their extreme poverty, Japanese hungry soldiers simply killed the Chinese and cooked human flesh and organs as their food source.

Feeling humiliated for not able to conquer China in 3 months and suffered huge loss, desperately wanted to break the unexpected Chinese strong will of resistance, Japan turned to extreme State-Terriorism, employed official government policy of Massacre and Rape, used WMD Biological, WMD Chemical and addictive WMD Drug Warfares.

In Feb. 2000, a road construction team discovered about 20,000 WMD Chemical Weapon metal canisters lay buried atop the Yellow Beard Mountain, Nanjing, showing for the first time that Japanese forces deployed WMD Chemical Weapon during their invasion of the Chinese capital Nanjing.

The size of the WMD Chemical Weapon, experts say, is enough to put Yellow Beard Mountain near the top of the list of places around the world.

Most startling is the fact that the stockpile in Nanjing represents just a tiny fraction of the WMD Chemical Weapon in China left behind by Japanese army.

1937 Dec. 13, Nanjing, the capital of China during the war, finally fell to the Japanese.

The Chinese government had to move its capital to the city of ChongQing. Later in 1940, Japan set up a Chinese puppet government in the conquered capital Nanjing under Wang Jing-Wei.

The retreating Chinese troops started setting fire on some of the buildings as part of their Scorched Earth policy as not to leave anything useful to the enemy. Some of the demoralized Chinese soldiers also started looting.

Archibald Steele of the Chicago Daily News wrote, "feeling that the behavior of the Japanese could not possibly be worse than that of their own defeated army, they were quickly disillusioned."

On 5 Aug. 1937, Japanese central military officials in Tokyo said, "it is inappropriate to follow all specific clauses" in international laws of war, and "our empire is not in a full-scale war with China". Japanese Army Ministry’s position therefore was: the laws of war do not apply to an "incident". Therefore, Japanese central army officials instructed their armies not to apply international laws of war.

A battle report dated 13 Dec. records in express detail how this unit killed them: "Received the following order from our Regimental commander at 2:00 p.m. Kill all POWs in accordance with Brigade orders".

1937 Dec. 14, Commander of the Sasaki Detachment of the 16th division of the Shanghai Expeditionary Force, Major General Sasaki Touichi under Commander-in-Chief Prince Asaka Yasuhiko issued the official military order - " Kill ALL Captives ".

It was a well planned, full scale revenge designed to intimidate and crush the spirit of China. Japanese soldier began an orgy of cruelty seldom, if ever, matched in modern History. Japanese military force immediately systematically started murdering civilians and PoWs in China under the military "Three All Policy" -- "Kill All, Loot All, Burn All".

Japanese battle reports and battlefield diaries-- official, public, Japanese military sources-- supplement and substantiate personal accounts by Westerners about mass executions of Chinese POWs and civilians, refute the Japanese Ministry of Education's claim that such killings did not take place in an organized way. These sources also expose the falsity of arguments by Japanese deniers who, with studied ignorance of international law, insist that the killing of POWs was an extension of combat and thus does not constitute a massacre or atrocity. Both official and nonofficial Japanese records-- left by men who did the killing-- aver that units "took care of," "dealt with", or "disposed of" POWs; and, in some cases, expressly say, "shot them dead." The men who left these documents used such expressions openly because they lacked any idea that the killing of POWs was a violation of international law and a grave crime against humanity.

In the next 2 - 3 months, Japan committed the infamous "Nanjing Datusha" or "Great Nanjing Massacre", or "Rape of Nanjing", while U.S. remained neutral and still trading with Japan.

From the view of Humanity, Nanjing tragedy had vividly highlighted both the Best and the Worst of Humanity.

In Nanjing, the sense of end-of-battle relief quickly turned into an immense fear of Death, Rape and Robbery.

Japanese soldiers under commander-in-chief Prince Asaka Yasuhiko of the Shanghai Expeditionary Force and uncle of Japanese Empress Nagako, looted all the precious Chinese golds and silver, national treasures, ancient artifacts, jades, rugs, porcelain artworks, paintings, antiques and books in the former Chinese capital, for transport to Japan.

Frank Tilman Durdin of the New York Times wrote, "I saw the Japanese troops outdo them in a campaign of plunder which the Japanese carried out not only in the shops but in homes, hospitals, and refugee camps."

Tilman Durdin also reported the early stages of the massacre before being forced to leave. He later wrote: "I drove down to the waterfront in my car. And to get to the gate I had to just climb over masses of bodies accumulated there." "The car just had to drive over these dead bodies. And the scene on the river front, as I waited for the launch... was of a group of smoking, chattering Japanese officers overseeing the massacring of a battalion of Chinese captured troops." "They were marching about in groups of about 15, machine-gunning them." As he departed, he saw 200 men being executed in 10 minutes to the apparent enjoyment of Japanese military spectators.

C. Yates McDaniel of Chicago Daily Tribune wrote in his "Nanking Horror Described in Diary of War Reporter" :

"My last remembrance of Nanking : Dead Chinese, Dead Chinese, Dead Chinese. "

The New York Times reporter F. Tilman filed his report, "All Captives Slain" on Dec. 18, 1937 :

"The Japanese looting amounted almost to plundering of the entire city. Nearly every building was entered by Japanese soldiers, often under the eyes of their officers, and the men took whatever they wanted. The Japanese soldiers often impressed Chinese to carry their loot ....... The mass executions of war prisoners added to the horrors the Japanese brought to Nanking."

"The army men performing the gruesome job had invited navy men from the warships anchored off the Bund to view the scene. A large group of military spectators apparently greatly enjoyed the spectacle."

"Most of the Chinese soldiers who had been interned in the safety zone were shot in masses. The city was combed in a systematic house ­to house search for men having knapsack marks on their shoulders or other signs of having been soldiers. They were herded together and executed."

Other atrocities were vividly described by Iris Chang with Nightmare in Nanking in her best selling book "Rape of Nanking - The Forgotten Holocaust" :

"The brutalities included shooting, stabbing, cutting open the abdomen, excavating the heart, decapitation, drowning, punching the body and eye with an awl. Thousands of civilians were buried or burn alive, or used as targets for bayonet practice, shot in large groups and thrown into Yangtze River."

"Not only did live burials, castration, the carving of organs and the roasting of people become routine, but more diabolical tortures were practiced, such as hanging people by their tongues on iron hooks or burying people to their waists and watching them torn apart by dogs."

"An estimated 20,000 - 80,000 Chinese women were raped. Many soldiers went beyond rape to disembowel women, slice off their breasts, nail them alive to walls. Fathers were forced to rape their daughters, and sons their mothers, as other family members watched."

Japanese invented Games of Rape and Massacre , turned murder into Sport and Entertainment without feeling any guilt.Instead, they enjoyed very much the brutal fun and atrocious pleasure.

"The manner in which these victims met their death was extremely cruel with atrocities of such great magnitude and diversities, so ghastly that it made Nazi's Auschwitz Gas Chamber and the 2 Atomic Bombs appear very Humane."

In fact, mass murder was carried out systematically by the Japan long before the first Nazi's Auschwitz Gas Chambers were even built.

Soldiers competed in " Bushido - Killing Contest Game" and sent the number of murders back to Nichi-Nichi Shimbun national newspaper in Japan to publish.

" I have never been to Hell , but there is a Hell , it was in this city , " reporter for the Tokyo Times told the killing in Nanjing.

The captured or surrendered Chinese soldiers were all mercilessly killed. Japanese inspected every men in the city to check for any sign of have been a soldier with helmet mark on forehead, calluses on hands or strap mark on shoulders. All suspects regardless were rounded up and immediately executed.

Inoie writes: "We ferreted out all males among the refugees who looked like defeated stragglers. Man! Some had family members there, and did they ever wail when we tried to take their men folk away! They'd latch on to our arms and bodies, pleading with us.... We took these 335 down near the Yangzi where other troops shot them dead."

Mizutani's entry for the 16th reads: "In the afternoon we went to the [Nanking] Safety Zone for mop up. We placed sentries with bayonets at the intersections, blocked these off, and went about our work rounding up virtually all young men we came across. We roped them off, surrounded them with armed guards, tied them up in rows, and led them away ...... Commander Matsui ordered us to clean out each and every anti-Japanese element and defeated straggler, so we did that in the harshest possible manner".

"At one time, after Nanking was captured, more than 30,000 Chinese were driven to the foot of the city wall. Machine guns then swept the crowd and grenades were thrown from atop the wall. The 30,000 people were all killed, most of them were women, children, and elderly." reported Tokyo Asahi Shimbun correspondent Yoshio Moriyama on December 14, 1937.

"Those in the second row were forced to dump the severed bodies into the river before they themselves were beheaded," The Japanese military correspondent, Yukio Omata, wrote, "The killing went on non-stop from morning until night ........".

Okumiya Masatake, was a former Imperial navy pilot and author of "The Nanjing Incident that I Saw". After having taken part in the Dec. 12 bombing and sinking of the USS Panay in the Yangtze River, Okumiya traveled in a chauffeur driven car for several days with an interpreter and a bodyguard to search for downed Japanese aircraft and the bodies and belongings of pilots killed during air raids over the city. "I believe that no other people went around inside and outside the walled city, combing the area like me at that time," Okumiya said.

He remembers a scene at Lake Xuanwu on Dec. 25. "There I saw numerous bodies in the lake and on its shore. They were so many that I could not count them. They were both young and old, and both men and women," Okumiya told The Japan Times. "The Chinese were bound with their hands behind their backs. About 20 soldiers were beheading the Chinese with their Japanese swords, the beheading task successively taken over by other groups of soldiers. The Chinese were forced to sit on the square so their heads would drop into the river..... The execution was like assembly line work. Some people say that in Nanjing, there were no organized or systematic killings by the Japanese army. But what I saw was nothing other than organized and systematic killings."

A December 15, 1937 entry to the diary of a Japanese soldier in the 23rd Regiment of the 18th Division, published in Tokyo Asahi Shimbun on August 4, 1984: "We had fun killing Chinese. We caught some innocent Chinese and either buried them alive, or pushed them into a fire, or beat them to death with clubs. When they were half dead we pushed them into ditches and burned them, torturing them to death. Everyone gets his entertainment this way. Its like killing dogs and cats."

"Once you've killed your second or third, you stop thinking about it," Yasuji Kaneko describes how he grew numb to slaughter after bayonet drills using live Chinese prisoners tied to stakes.

" It was ultimately about competition, how many you killed becomes a standard of achievement." Another interviewed veteran describes throwing babies onto camp fires just for laughs.

Former Japanese sergeant major, Masayo Enomoto said "There was a young woman in the village, and I raped her. After I did her, I killed her. It then occurred to me that we had no meat. And I could give the troops this meat. I cut her up, taking the best parts, and fed them to the men. It tasted better than pork."

"Some Japanese soldiers who were hungry had killed the 16 years old Chinese boy and eaten some of his meat and sold the rest to the merchant, and we bought it from that merchant", Shinzaburo Horie said. The 79 year old former Japanese soldier trembled as he excavated his war memories. "I can't forget the fact that I ate a human being", "We should absolutely apologize to China and Korea," Horie said without hesitation. "Absolutely."

"Soldiers impaled babies on bayonets and tossed them still alive into pots of boiling water," Nagatomi Hakudo said with deepest remorse. Nagatomi is now an acupuncturist in Japan and has built a shrine of remorse in his waiting room. "They gang-raped women from the ages of 12 to 80 and then killed them when they could no longer satisfy sexual requirements. I beheaded people, starved them to death, burned them, and buried them alive, over two hundred in all. It is terrible that I could turn into an animal and do these things. There are really no words to explain what I was doing. I was truly a devil."

Private Tadokoro Kozo of the 114th division said in 1971 interview, " There wasn't . ANY . soldier who didn't Rape. After things were done, usually we killed them ..... We didn't want to leave any trouble behind ....."

Another Japanese army veteran told reporter, "No matter how young or old, none of the women we rounded up could escape being Raped. Each one was allocated to 15 or 20 soldiers for sexual intercourse and abuse. After the Rapes, "we always stabbed them and killed them. Because dead bodies don't talk."

" The women were always killed. When they were being Raped, the women were human. But once the Rape was finished, they became pig's flesh," said Shiro Azuma remosely, "We were taught that we were a superior race since we lived only for the sake of a human god -- our Emperor. But the Chinese were not. So we held nothing but contempt for them." Azuma is the first Japanese soldier to publicly admit and apologize for what he did. He told his story by publishing his diaries "My Nanking Platoon".

He recalled one episode: "There were about 37 old men, old women and children. We captured them and gathered them in a square." "There was a woman holding a child on her right arm... and another one on her left." " We stabbed and killed them, all three - like potatoes in a skewer".

Azuma compared the Nanjing Massacre to the Holocaust. " These two were the most inhuman tragedies during the Second World War," said Azuma.

Teruichi Ukita, now 71 years old served in China in the Japanese kenpeitai, the dreaded military police, said in a tremulous voice, "It was when I had two daughters myself, I started to realize what I had done."

He was captured by Russians at the end of the war and sent to Siberia. It was when he saw fellow Japanese being killed, he said, that he belatedly realized the universal value of human life. "Watching Chinese being killed, I had no emotions," Ukita said. "It was like a game. But when I saw Japanese being executed in Siberia for stealing things, I got so angry and emotional."

Witnessed the atrocities, Reverend John Magee used his camera and recorded the Massacre in a 16mm film. It is believed to be the only documentary about this infamous massacre. He was an Episcopal pastor in charge of the so-called Nanjing International Safety Zone created when Japanese army captured Nanjing in 1937.

Angry at the Japanese atrocities, German diplomat George Rosen sent a copy of Magee's film to the Nazi government. He also included a 200-page long report which claimed that the whole Japanese army was a "Violent Killing Machine". In it, he requested that the film be shown to Hitler.

Chinese and Japanese scholars were aware of the film but were unable to locate it. Japanese then said that since there was no proof, the Nanjing Massacre never occurred.

In 1990, when the German Archive at Botsdam was opened after collapsing of the Berlin Wall, the George Rosen's 200-page report surfaced.

A New York group placed an advertisement in the New York Times regarding The Nanjing Massacre. George Fitch's daughter, Edith Fitch Swapp contacted the Alliance in Memory of Victims of the Nanjing Massacre (AMVNM) with Fitch's version of the Magee footage. The group also located John Magee's 16 mm version in the home of his son David Magee. The 4 rolls of the film and the diaries were also found in Yale University Library.

Many museums and individuals had offered to buy the film but were all turned downed. Both the film and camera were donated to the Memorial Hall of Nanjing Massacre Victims. The church in Xiaguan District in Nanjing where Magee preached became a secondary school library. It has been renamed to John Magee Library.

According to Magee's dairy, he could only record a very small part of what he witnessed since he was too busy to save lives.

"What people see here, however, are all history and truth," said Zhu Chengshan, curator of Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre. "No director and actor, no matter how talented they might be, can make such tangible products. And this is only a glimpse of History.".

"My team would kill 200 people a day. When we captured too many people and had no time to kill them all, we would send them to other teams," reads in a diary donated by a Japanese soldier. "They all came from participants of the massacre and are tangible evidence. Nothing can better testify the Japanese atrocity than the admission by the slaughterers themselves." said the curator.

John H. Rabe was top representative of Siemens company in China. His superiors ordered him to return home, but instead he sent his family back and established an International Safety Zone (3.3 square miles) in the city where he offered shelter to terrified Chinese. He recorded the unspeakable Japanese atrocities in his 1200 pages Diary of War.

Like Oskar Schindler, the German industrialist who protected Jews, Mr. Rabe and 26 other western foreigners risked their life and helped to save 250,000 Chinese refugees from being killed. Robe also personally sheltered 600 refugees in his own home. Chinese called him "The Living Buddha of Nanking" , which is really high praise in Chinese culture," said Huang Huiying who has written a biography of Rabe. When Rabe was finally forced to leave the city early in 1938 , 3,000 Chinese women from Jinling Women's University knelt by the roadside in gratitude.

As the leader of local Nazi Party and Safety Zone Chairman in Nanjing, Rabe wrote a letter to Hitler about the Japanese War Crimes and asked Hitler to persuade Japan to stop the atrocities.

After returning to Berlin, Rabe gave lectures about the massacre and tried to get Hitler to intervene. He was arrested and interrogated by the Gestapo for 3 days and told to shut up. He was de-Nazified after the war. When the people of Nanjing learned that he was near starvation in postwar Berlin, they immediately collected equivalent US $2,000 in 1948 and the city mayor of Nanking even flew to Switzerland to deliver money and food to Mr. Rabe. They kept sending food every month until China fell to communists in 1949. He died of a stroke in 1950.

Schindler of Nanjing. Story of John Rabe is to be made into a Hollywood movie. Rabe's house will be turned into a memorial.

On Dec. 12, 1996, Ursula Reinhardt, his granddaughter from Berlin, showed the 8 volumes of diary the very first time to the public in New York. It was Iris Chang with Nightmare in Nanking, author of the "Rape of Nanking - The Forgotten Holocaust of WWII, brought the attention of the whole world to this diary.

The English version of his diaries of war, is available The Good Man of Nanking - The Diaries of John Rabe

In April 1997, Mr. Rabe's tombstone was moved from Berlin and rested in the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre, Nanjing, China. 6 years later Germany finally paid him official tribute.

"This escapades were quite dangerous," Mr. Rabe wrote in his diary. "The Japanese had pistols and bayonets and I -- as mentioned before -- had only party symbols and my Swastika armband." He also wrote about the retreating Chinese troops, "I then had a humanitarian impulse that I later came to regret .... I advise them that they should drop their weapons and let me take them to the barracks in the safety zone .... I hope these disarmed troops would face no worse fate than being taken prisoner by the Japanese .... every one of these disarmed troops, and thousands more later seeking refuge in the safety zone were singled out .... and immediately taken to be executed. Thousands and thousands were executed by machine gun fire or hand grenades ........"

"During their misdeeds, no difference was made between adults and children. There were girls under the age of 8 and women over the age of 70 who were Raped and then, in the most brutal way possible, knocked down and beat up. We found corpses of women on beer glasses and others who had been lanced by bamboo shoots. I saw the victims with my own eyes ......" "One was powerless against these monsters who were armed to the teeth and who shot down anyone who tried to defend themselves," Rabe wrote.

On 17 Dec. John Rabe's diary writes: "One of the Americans put it this way: 'The Safety Zone has turned into a public house for the Japanese soldiers.' That's very close to the truth. Last night up to 1,000 women and girls are said to have been raped, about 100 girls at Ginling Girls College alone. You hear of nothing but rape. If husbands or brothers intervene, they’re shot. What you hear and see on all sides is the brutality and bestiality of the Japanese soldiery."

In another letter to his wife, Dec. 19: " I never dreamed that the Japanese soldiers were such savages. It has been a week of murder and rape, worse, I imagine, than has happened for a very long time ..... They not only killed every prisoner they could find but also a vast number of ordinary citizens of all ages....."

On 15 Jan. 1938, Georg Rosen of the German Consulate sent reports to the German Foreign Ministry: "Over a month has passed since the Japanese army occupied Nanking, but soldiers are still abducting and raping women and girls". Rosen also noted that Japanese soldiers were breaking into the German Embassy and the ambassador’s official residence demanding women.

On 20 Jan. 1938, the German Branch Consulate in Nanking sent this report to its Foreign Ministry: ".... Foreign witnesses say that the Japanese tricked the Chinese by promising to give them work or to pardon them, but then led them away to be killed. The Japanese took no steps to declare martial law or anything of the sort. Why should we expect any such pretensions on their part ? They flout the conventions of law in wartime as well as the rules of human decency ?"

George A. Fitch was the head of the YMCA, director of Safety Zone and acting Mayor in Nanjing during war. He had also smuggled out part of the Magee's film by sewing 8 reels into the lining of his camel's-hair great-coat and travelled throughout US to give his witness speeches about the horrific Nanjing Massacre.

He wrote, " They were so terrible that they had to be seen to be believed ..... Miss Murial Lester, of the Fellowship of Reconciliation (British) happened to see one of the showings and expressed the thought that if some of the Christian and political leaders in Japan could see the film they would work for an immediate cessation of hostilities. She offered to go to Japan and show it there to selected groups if we would supply her with a copy ......"

"start a speaking trip which was to last until my return to China. I used the films only rarely, for some of my friends thought they were too ghastly, and sometimes they made people ill ..... "

In his book "My Eighty Years in China", he wrote on Dec. 24, 1937 the following diary entry:

"But to have to stand by while even the very poor are having their last possessions taken from them - their last coin, their last bit of bedding (and it is freezing weather), the poor ricksha man his ricksha; while thousands of disarmed soldiers who had sought sactuary with you, together with many hundreds of innocent civilians are taken out before your eyes to be shot, or used for bayonet practice, and to listen to the sound of the guns that are killing them; to have over a thousand women kneel before you crying hysterically, begging you to save them from the beasts who are preying on them ........"

"To commit acts of unbelievable brutality and savagery on the very people they have come to protect and befriend, as they have so loudly proclaimed to the world. In all modern history surely there is no page that will stand so black as that of the Rape of Nanjing ........"

Minnie Vautrin, was an American missionary from a little town of Michigan. She helped found Ginling College in Nanjing. As dean of studies at Ginling College, she shielded the desperate Chinese who sought asylum behind the gates of the college. In unswerving defiance of the Japanese, she turned Ginling into a sanctuary for 10,000 women and girls, who honored her as their "Goddess of Mercy", a "Living Goddess".

Terror in Minnie Vautrin's Nanjing: Diaries and Correspondence :

"How many thousands were mowed down by guns or bayoneted we shall probably never know," wrote Vautrin in her diary, "For in many cases oil was thrown over their bodies and then they were burned."

"There probably is no crime that has not been committed in this city today. Thirty girls were taken from language school last night, and today I have heard scores of heartbreaking stories of girls who were taken from their homes last night -- one of the girls was but 12 years old. Food, bedding and money have been taken from people. ... I suspect every house in the city has been opened, again and yet again, and robbed ......"

When the Japanese soldiers ordered Minnie to leave the campus, she replied: "This is my home. I cannot leave." She spent 21 years of invaluable service as teacher, education department chair and acting president of Ginling. Minnie saved thousands of Chinese girls and women through heroic acts but becoming too traumatized to save her own life. She suffered a nervous breakdown in 1940 and returned to the US. She committed suicide in 1941.

Her tombstone bears the words "Ginling Forever". A bronze monument to Vautrin was established at Ginling college in Nanjing in 2002. In Illinois of U.S., Governer Rod Blagojevich has declared Sept. 27, "Minnie Vautrin Day".

A book based on her diary, maintained during the entire siege, correspondences, eyewitness, government documents, and interviews with Vautrin's family is available American Goddess at the Rape of Nanking: The Courage of Minnie Vautrin. Many her objects were exhibited at the Illinois State Museum state museum includes personal mementos, photographs and Vautrin’s Order of the Jade medal, the highest honor given to a civilian by the Chinese government.

One of the 27 Westerners who courageously elected to remain in the city throughout the violent siege was Dr. Robert Wilson, the only surgeon in town to save the mutilated women, men and children. Dr. Wilson worked tirelessly patching up seemingly hopelessly mutilated bodies as fast as he could. Dr. Robert Wilson in his family letter described Nanjing as the:

"Modern Dante's Inferno, written in huge letters with blood and rape. Murder by the wholesale and rape by the thousands of cases. There seems to be no stop to the ferocity, lust and atavism of the brutes.... staff members of the university was broken into and two of the women, his relatives, were raped. Two girls about 15 were raped to death in one of the refugee camps.... They bayoneted one little boy, killing him, and I spent an hour and a half this morning patching up another little boy of eight who had five bayonet wounds including one that penetrated his stomach, a portion of omentum was outside the abdomen...."

In another his "Family Letters" :

"This is the shortest day in the year but it still contains twenty-four hours of this hell on earth..... Huge fires are set in every business section. Our bunch has actually seen them set the fires in several instances. Yesterday before going home to supper I counted twelve fires. Tonight at the same time I counted eight. Several of them include whole blocks of buildings. Most of the shops of our vicinity have been burned ..... The thousand were marched to the banks of the Yangtze, lined up two deep and then machine-gunned..... As we have seen a good many similar round-ups in this part of the city with no returns....."

James McCallum wrote in his Family Letter :

"Never have I heard or read of such brutality. Rape: Rape: Rape: We estimate at least 1,000 cases a night and many by day. In case of resistance or anything that seems like disapproval there is a bayonet stab or a bullet. We could write up hundreds of cases a day...."

Chinese women would try to disguise themselves as men, or old women, or don blackface to avoid being gang-raped by Japanese soldiers.

Another diary by Paul Scharffenberg, a German diplomat in Nanjing at the time confirmed that "The Japanese imposed a news blackout and restricted foreign diplomats' movements in the city" to conceal their Crimes from the international community, the diary discloses.

Therefore, the Western witnesses, diaries, newspapers could only record a small portion of the actual scope and magnitude of the atrocious Crimes that had actually been committed by the Japan in Nanjing.

The Nanking Massacre Project from the Yale Divinity School Library. Case Study: The Nanjing Massacre, 1937-38.

In Feb 1939, Japan Army Ministry even issued a directive to ensure that the returning soldiers not to talk about their atrocities, with an appendix that the army wished to suppress:
(1) At XX, we took four people captive -- parents and daughters. We played with the daughters as if they were whores and killed the parents because they kept on telling us to release the daughters. We had our kicks until the unit was ordered to leave; then we killed the daughters.
(2) One company commander hinted that rape was OK, saying, "Make sure no problems arise later on; after you’re finished, either pay them off or kill them outright."
(3) Every soldier who fought in the war must be a murderer, armed robber, or rapist.
(4) No one cared about rapes at the front; some guys even shot at MPs who caught them in the act.
(5) The only skills I picked up after half a year in combat were how to rape and loot.

Arnold Brackman, a reporter at the Tokyo Trial and author of the book The Other Nuremberg, commented " The Nanjing Massacre was not the kind of isolated incident common to wars. It was deliberate. It was policy. It was known in Tokyo."

"In terms of measures and cruelty of the genocide, its duration and large numbers of people killed," says professor Wu of history of Southern Illinois University "Neither Hiroshima nor Jewish Holocaust can rival the Nanjing Massacre."

The Japanese high command, up to Emperor Hirohito, the commander-in-chief, while closely monitoring events at Nanjing, issued no reprimand and meted out no punishment to the officers and men who perpetrated these crimes. Instead, the leadership and the press celebrated the victory at the Chinese capital. It was followed by atrocities that intensified and were extended from the capital to the entire China, and implemented the "sanko sakusen" or "Three-All Policies: Kill All, Loot All, Burn All". Where Japanese forces encountered resistance, Japanese adopted scorched earth policies depriving villagers of subsistence.

Japanese invented Games of Rape and Massacre , turned murder into Sport and Entertainment without feeling any guilt. Instead, they enjoyed very much the brutal fun and atrocious pleasure.

"The manner in which these victims met their death was extremely cruel with atrocities of such great magnitude and diversities, so ghastly that it made Nazi's Auschwitz Gas Chamber and the 2 Atomic Bombs appear very Humane."

In fact, mass murder was carried out systematically by the Japan long before the first Nazi's Auschwitz Gas Chambers were even built.

According to eye-witness account in Nanjing Historical Archives, "A Record of the Miserable Conditions in Enemy Occupied Areas," Vol. V, "First, the Japanese doused the people with gasoline and then they opened fire on the crowd with machine guns. When the bullets hit their bodies, the gasoline caught fire. The refugees' burning bodies quivered from head to toe causing the whole scene to flicker from the light of the gasoline fires on their bodies. The Japanese soldiers stood by laughing hysterically."

In 1937, Chang Zhiqiang, 10 years old, watched his father and other able-bodied men form a Human wall in an attempt to keep Japanese soldiers from getting close to their elders, women and children. He saw his mother bayoneted twice in an attempt to protect her 6 children, and watched his 2 younger brothers suffer a similar death. His 2-year-old youngest brother froze to death over the dead body of his mother, and his elder sister died after being Raped and bayoneted.

Like many other survivors, Mr. Chang rarely speaks of the massacre, not even to his children and grandchildren. "I cannot bear to think of it," and silently weeps. Mr. Chang had never been to the Memorial Hall. On 2 occasions he got as far as the entrance, but was overwhelmed with such sorrow that he had to turn away.

Then, in 1997 he saw on TV that the right-wing Japanese were denying the Nanjing Massacre. Anger motivated him to write down exactly what he saw and experienced. He started to volunteer as guide for the Memorial Hall. "At the beginning, hatred and pain would swell in my heart when I saw Japanese visitors. After they listened to my account of what happened, they just broke down and cried. Some knelt before me and some bowed. At first I was taken aback and felt uneasy. Gradually, as my hatred ebbed, I was able to face them with an eased heart."

Xia Shu-qin, a survivor and was 7-year old, recalled "It was about ten in the morning when a dozen Japanese with rifles and fixed bayonets rushed into the house. They shot my father and grabbed my baby sister, being breast-fed by my mother. They bayoneted the baby and stripped my mother and raped her. Then the Japanese killed my grandparents and dragged two of my sisters out and raped them. Then they stabbed me and my 3-year old sister with bayonets. I saw both of my older sisters lying in pools of blood, dead."

According to the record, about 2.3 million Japanese soldiers were killed in WWII, of which More than 1 Million Japanese soldiers, i.e. approx. 50 % of Japanese soldiers died in WWII, were annihilated in China.

Those battles in China were no less, in fact, were more fierce and brutal than the Battle of Saipan , Battle of Iwo Jima , or Battle of Okinawa in the 14 years WWII with unspeakable atrocious Japan.

China was the FIRST battle field ignited during WWII, yet the LAST one to end. Certainly was the MOST brutal battle field during war. It lasted 14 years. The Chinese fought 22 large scale battles, 1,117 medium scale battles, and 38,931 small scale battles against the brutal Japanese army.

The China War was one of the most massive military conflicts in this Century of Total War. It lasted 14 years, from 1931 when Japan seized Manchuria to 1945. On a geographic scale its fronts would have engulfed the entire Eastern U.S. and were comparable to those of the Eastern Front between the USSR and Germany. Spread across more than 2000 miles and embracing vastly differing terrain and environments with millions of soldiers mobilized to fight it, making it a colossal calamity. Very few Chinese did not become refugees at some point during the war. It was truly Asia's Great War, one of the most horrific struggles in human history. Yet, it is hardly known to much of the world outside China.

During the war, Japanese forces were bogged down deep in China and were unable for "Northward Advance" to attack Soviet Union. So Japan turned around for "Southward Advance" instead. However, the Chinese resistance also made Japan unable to concentrate huge ground forces for "Southward Advance" and effectively occupy the regions.

From the very beginning, Germany had a very different view from the Japan. Hitler wanted Japan to have peace with China and focus on Russia. Hitler had always considered the Russia to be Japan's true threat and wanted Japan to prepare for a joined attack against the Russia. Therefore, Hitler met with Chinese ambassador and hope to mediate a peace deal between China and Japan. However, Japan, overwhelmed by the victories of its initial invasion, demanded very harsh conditions that were totally unacceptable to the Chinese. Therefore, all 3 peace attempts initiated by the Germany had eventually failed.

Chinese army pinned down Japanese in China, and saved valuable time for allied forces in Europe that helped prevent a Japanese attack on the Soviet Union and the possible convergence of the two strongest fascist countries in the Middle East.

"That is the main reason why Japan did NOT respond the demands of Germany to attack the Soviet Union or invade British troops in Southeast Asia,"

Without Chinese resistance, it would have been almost impossible to implement the 'Europe First' strategy" . The World's wartime debt to China . Forgotten Ally: China's World War II.

US President Roosevelt said: If there were no China, or if China were defeated, the Japanese army could have occupied Australia and advanced toward India and charged all the way to the Middle East and then joined forces with Hitler to isolate Soviet Union, the consequence would be unimaginable.

Soviet leader Joseph Stalin said: If there were no China, Soviet would not have been able to withdraw massive army from the Far East to defend itself when the German army attacked Soviet.

China was the FIRST battle field ignited during WWII, yet the LAST one to end. And certainly was the MOST brutal battle field in the WWII. The war money US lent to Britain was 29 billion, Soviet 9 billion, but to China was merely 0.8 billion. Yet, most of the 0.8 billion was actually used by the US in-experinced general Joseph Stilwell for operations in Burma-India region. Stilwell was an incompetent "know-it-all" officer with no command experience. Due to US general's ignorance and in-experience, it was the darkest few years of the Chinese WWII. In other words, China actually did not get much help from the US except at the end of WWII after Joseph Stilwell was replaced.

It is estimated that China's loss due to Japan's 14 years of atrocious destruction comes to many Hundreds of Billions US $. The total loss should be well over many Trillion US $ if the interest, direct and indirect economic, cultural, social, environmental and ecosystem destruction, damaged and looted wealth, invaluable and in-replaceable destroyed ancient cultural assets, relics, properties, arts, books, buildings, temples, natural resources, and other tangible or intangible losses were included, NOT to mention more than 35 Million Chinese casualties by Japanese indiscriminate killing, starvation and various diseases.

Not to mention many more Millions of Korean, Indonesian, Vietnamese, Filippino, Malaysia, Burma, Thailand, Singapore ..........

The Chinese National Anthem was written in 1935 with lyrics by the noted poet Tian Han and music by the famous composer Nie Er. The original name of the song was "Sons and Daughters in a Time of Storm", as a theme song for the film "March of the Volunteers". The film tells the story of those who went to the front to fight the Japanese invaders in northeast China in the 1930s when the fate of China was hanging in the balance. The song inspired the whole China to defeat the atrocious Japanese invaders and became the provisional Chinese National Anthem in 1949, and officially in 1982.

Changjiao massacre: For 4 days, from 1943-05-09 to 1943-05-12, more than 30,000 Chinese civilians were killed and thousands of women were raped by the Japanese in Changjiao, Hunan.

Having gained control over Singapore on Feb. 15, 1942, Japanese General Tomoyuki Yamashita ordered to round up all ethnic Chinese Singaporan males between the ages of 18 to 50. It was a systematic extermination policy to identify and eliminate all Anti-Japanese ethnic Chinese Singaporans, in particular the ethnic Chinese Singaporans guerilla-volunteers who had fought courageously when the Japan invaded Singapore.

Japan set up designated "screening centers" all over Singapore. dreaded Japanese Kempeitai, sent those anti-Japanese ethnic Chinese Singaporans to remote sites e.g. Changi, Punggol, Blakang Mati and Bedok to be executed. The victims were thrown overboard into sea or machine-gunned to death at low tide so that water would come in and wash away dead bodies at high tide to conceal Japanese Crimes. It is known as the "Sook Ching Massacre".

It was reported in the Japan East Asia Annual published in 1942, that over 70,000 Singapore civilians, mainly ethnic Chinese Singaporans were killed by Japanese. Singapore Civilian War Memorial also known as "Chopsticks" was built and dedicated in 1967 by then Singapore Premier Lee Kwonyu. The memorial is built on one of the Mass Graves of the Sook Ching Massacre in the Siglap area.

Alistair Urqhuart, author of "The Forgotten Highlander", joined the Gordon Highlanders during war and was captured by the Japanese in Singapore. "The Japanese were unpredictable and ruthless beyond any comprehension. When they marched us off we were marched past poles with the heads of hundreds of Chinese on them. You had to be strong to see that."

This systematic extermination was later extended to Malaya, particularly in Penang. Another 40,000 Malaya civilians, mainly ethnic Chinese Malayans were killed by the dreaded Japanese Kempeitai in the continuation of the Singapore's Sook Ching Massacre.

In Manila, Filipine, the captured Japanese documents confirmed that the Japanese wholesale atrocities on Civilians in Manila were Japanese Official Orders. In one Japanese message book contained the following order issued to the Kobayashi group, then inside the walled Intramuros, on Feb. 13:

"All people on the battlefield with the exception of Japanese military personnel, Japanese civilians and special construction units will be put to death."

There were also some Guidelines for the Japanese Killing Order to conceal Crimes :

"When Filipinos are to be killed, they must be gathered into one place and be disposed of with the consideration that ammunition and manpower must not be used to excess. Because the disposal of dead bodies is a troublesome task, they should be gathered into houses which are scheduled to be burned or demolished. They should also be thrown into the river."

Col. J.D. Frederick, commander of the 129th Infantry of the 37th Division also filed a sworn report that at Fort Santiago inside the Intramuros, he found a dungeon-like room, the decomposing bodies sprawled around were civilians most starved to death, some of them suffocated. 30 bodies were sprawled around the steel doors trying to open the doors.

The Battle for Manila lasted only 28 days. However, estimated 100,000 Filipine civilians were massacred by the Japanese. One diary found on a dead Japanese soldier "wrote of his love for his family, eulogized the beauty of a sunset — then described how he participated in a massacre of Filipinos during which he clubbed a baby against a tree".

In Guam, Japanese took everything from his family except the clothes on their backs. "You treat an animal better than us," said Sinajana resident Ignacio San Nicolas, 73, who was 9 years old when the Japanese occupied Guam, said he and other children were forced to watch as the Japanese beheaded 3 people in Mangilao. "They put a big fear on all of us, that you have to do what they want you to do, or you're dead."

In a written statement, Juanita Cruz, a native of the Mariana Islands witnessed Japanese atrocities in Guam. Vividly told of how she at 8, was unable to help her mother while she was repeatedly raped by Japanese soldiers, and how she at 10, watched her 5 years old young brother die as a Japanese soldier cut his tongue off. All around her, people were being beaten, beheaded or gunned down with machine guns, she said at a forum in Tokyo.

It should be of no surprise that many similar Japanese atrocities occurred elsewhere thoughout the South East Asia.

This military Sex Slaves is definitely the worst and only known war crime case of systematic mass violation of women rights against Humanity committed by a country in our modern History. Assuming 5 years of program, then there were at least 125 Million Rapes arranged by the Japanese Government.

Nearly all of the 2.5 Million Japanese soldiers who surrended to the Allies in 1945 would have known about the Sex Slaves. However, after the war the Sex Slave issue quickly faded from public consciousness, and for years the issue received little attention.

"We were the emperor's soldiers. Whether in military brothels or in the villages, we raped without reluctance", 87-year-old Yasuji Kaneko told the Associated Press.

On Feb 24 2001, in the Hague War Crimes Court, the International Tribunal has convicted the 3 Serb commanders in the Bosnian town of Foca in 1992 and 1993, where hundreds of women were abducted and sexually enslaved by Bosnian Serb soldiers. They received prison terms of 28, 20 and 12 years. The 3-judge panel ruled that Mass Rape is a crime against Humanity, the 2nd most serious category of international Crimes after Genocide.

In 1980s, the outcry of the former Sex Slaves started capturing the world wide attention, and slowly has gained the wide international support.

In 1984, Japanese journalist and feminist Matsui Yayori published a short article about Comfort Women in Asahi Shinbun.

In 1988, Professor Yun Chung Ok, a professor of Ehwa Women's University in Korea began to lead an activist group that conducted and presented research about the Comfort Women.

In 1990, 37 women's groups in Korea formed the Voluntary Service Corps Problem Resolution Council and demanded apology and compensation from Japan.

In the beginning, Japanese Government flatly refused to admit any involvement, as illustrated by Japan's position stated in the house of councilor's Budget Committee Session of June 1990 that "Comfort Women" were recruited by private sector operators.

Humiliated and ashamed, Sex Slave survivors remained silent for decades before finally speaking out in the early 1990s in response to persistent denials by Japan of its involvement.

August 1991, Kim Hak Sun became the first Korean woman to give public testimony to her life as a Sex Slave. She was one of the 3 Korean former Sex Slaves women filed the first lawsuit against the Japanese government in Dec. 1991. Her lawsuit had attracted worldwide attention. Similar lawsuits followed by South Korea women had finally shed some light to the worst case "Rape Camps" against women's human rights in this century.

On 16 Jan. 1992, Japanese history Professor Yoshiaki Yashimi of Chuo University unearthed 6 official war documents from the Library of the National Institute for Defense Studies in Tokyo, conclusively confirmed the involvement of Japanese government in both establishing and operating the Sex Slaves..

Fed up with the Japanese government's denials, Japanese history professor at Chuo University Yoshiaki Yoshimi went to the Defense Agency's library. In just 2 days, he found a rare trove that uncovered the military's direct role in managing the brothels, including documents that carried the personal seals of high-ranking Imperial Army officers.

Of the half-dozen documents he discovered, the most damning was a notice written on March 4, 1938, by the adjutant to the chiefs of staff of the North China Area Army and Central China Expeditionary Force. Titled “Concerning the Recruitment of Women for Military Comfort Stations”, the notice said that “armies in the field will control the recruiting of women,” and that “this task will be performed in close cooperation with the military police or local police force of the area.”

In another document from July 1938, Naosaburo Okabe, chief of staff of the North China Area Army, wrote that rapes of local women by Japanese soldiers had deepened anti-Japanese sentiments and that setting up “facilities for sexual comfort as quickly as possible is of great importance.” Yet another, an April 1939 report by the headquarters of the 21st Army in Guangzhou, China, noted that the 21st Army directly supervised 850 women.

Conclusive evidence had confirmed that Japan and military authorities at the highest levels were extensively involved in the Sex Slavery policymaking, establishment, and maintenance of the system, and in recruiting and transporting women across international borders.

Japanese historians, using the diaries and testimony of military officials as well as official documents from the US and other countries, have been able to show that the military was directly or indirectly involved in coercing, deceiving, luring and kidnapping young women throughout Japan’s Asian colonies and occupied territories.

The establishment of Sex Slaves involved NOT only every section of the Japanese military, but also the Government of Japan at every level, even the private Japanese companies were accomplices in the running of the Sex Stations.

Grant Goodman, now a retired Kansas University history professor, discovered the Sex Slaves documents when he was serving as a second lieutenant during War. He translated a 12-page document outlining the direct involvement of the Japanese military in the organization and utilization of brothels. He said the U.S. had known Japanese Sex Slaves had existed since 1937. He kept a copy of the documents and mailed them home to his parents. He didn’t touch them again until 1992, when he noticed that the Japanese Professor Yoshimi Yoshiaki, of Chuo University in Tokyo, also found similar documents in the Japanese Defense Agency archives.

In 1993, facing with the unrefutable proof, the Japanese government finally had no choice but forced to admit its direct involvement and operated the military Sex Salvery, and issued an apology. But many continues to deny by saying that the women were not forcibly recruited.

Note the 1993 apology (issued by Chief Cabinet Secretary Yohei Kono) was a Personal aoplogy only. It was NEVER approved by the Japanese parliament.

In Aug of 1993, the former Japanese consul general in Kansas City, Mo. Takao Shibata visited Grant Goodman. “He told me thanks to my documents, the Japanese government had been forced to admit that they were responsible for the comfort women,” said Grant Goodman.

Japanese historian Yoshimi Yoshiaki estimates as many as 200,000 Sex Slaves in 2,000 Japanese Comfort Stations across Asia in his 1995 book "Comfort Women".

By 1997, almost all school history textbooks and those in related subjects included a brief reference to comfort women.

Japanese military in cooperation with the Japanese organized criminal organization Yakuza, ran thousands of brothels for Japanese soldiers, kidnapping and forcing hundreds of thousands of women into "Comfort Women" - Sex Slaves.

In China Shanxi Province, Japanese troops routinely abducted women, confined them and repeatedly raped them. Japanese troops frequently forced village leaders to provide them with women.

Using the Sex Slaves, Japanese Army extorted large sums of money from the women's families in exchange for their Sex Slavery.

The Japan's first wartime brothel or "Facility for Sexual Comfort" was opened in Shanghai in 1938.

In September 3,1942, at a meeting held at the Ministry of the Army, a section chief reported that “the number of comfort facilities which have been set up are 100 in North China, 140 in Central China, 40 in South China, 100 in South East Asia (Nanpo), 10 in the Southern Seas (Nankai) and 10 in Sakhalin, which makes a total of 400.”

The majority of Sex Slaves were Chinese and Korean. They included mainland Chinese, Taiwan Chinese, Overseas Chinese, North and South Koreans, Malays, Thais, Filipinas, Indonesians, Burmese, Vietnamese, Indians, Eurasians, Dutch, Timorese, and natives of the Pacific islands. There may also have been Laotians and Cambodians. Toward the end of the war, Comfort stations were also set up in Okinawa and other parts of Japan at that time.

" There were 200,000 comfort women from China alone.... About 75 % of the Chinese Sex Slaves perished in captivity," Li said. In Shanghai alone, therer were 160 such sex stations.

The Sex Stations were not only used by the militaries, also used by the Japanese Businessmen. According to the “Regulations for Garrison Comfort Stations” published by Mandalay Headquarters on 26 May, 1943, the businessmen paid the same fees as the Japanese officers’ rates. All the Sex Slaves were ordered to collect tickets from the Japanese, which would be used to calculate their payment. Yet NOT a single cent was ever given to Mardiyem or the other girls.

Research has shown that the previous estimated 200,000 by U.N. Human Rights agency did NOT take into account of China, because China came into the research picture much later than its Asian neighbors.

Therefore, the Total actual number of Sex Slaves should probably be close to 400,000.

Despite the widespread prevalence of what was essentially institutionalized Rape, the issue of Sex Slaves was ignored by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, set up by U.S. after WWII to prosecute Japan's war criminals.

"Japan was not only not punished, it was given helpful hands to flourish economically, all for the sake of the Cold War," she said. "....I cannot imagine the U.S. dismissing 200,000 girls and women who were forced to become sex slaves by Japan, were those women WHITE. Yes, the neglect of the comfort women was an [U.S.] expression of at least triple discrimination -- gender, race and class."

80 % of the kidnapped Sex Slaves were between the ages of 14 and 18.

Typically, the room was 40-square-foot furnished with a wooden bed and a hard mattress, according to replica at the museum in Gwangju, often the only other object was a tin basin, dimly lit by a single bulb, where they lived as Sex Slaves serving up to 40 Japanese soldiers daily. They were allowed only short, sporadic sleeping times and near-starvation rations.

Japan systematically destroyed most their military records at the end of the war. But in those that remain, the Sex Slaves are usually referenced as "War Supplies" . They were often shipped right along with ammunition.

Mortality rates of Sex Slaves have been estimated to be as high as 75 %.

Ok Seon Lee, was 15 years Korean girl kidnapped by Japanese. For 3 years, she was forced to be a Sex Slave. Every time I see the scars, I remember how they slashed me. How can they say there is no history of what they did to us when the evidence is on my body ? To say that this did not happen, to deny history, this is the most wicked act" said Lee now 75 years old.

Kim Yoon Shim, a former Sex Slave, now 69 years old, told the cast of Hanako that she was 13 years old when she was abducted by Japanese outside her village in Cholla province. She said it was common for young women to have to offer sexual services 20 to 40 times a day. Many tried to commit suicide; others attempted escape.

During a rainstorm, Kim tried to flee. She sought refuge in a house - only to discover it was occupied by Japanese soldiers. "I was beaten up and tortured," she recounted. "My feet were broken and my spine cracked. They hung me upside down, poured water in my nostrils and stuck pins in me."

As a result of the torture, Kim's hearing is permanently damaged. When she was later reunited with her family, she said her mother suggested that it might have been better if she had died rather than survive with "that kind of past".

Kim's past followed her into her future. She was abandoned by her first husband because she could not have children. She underwent surgery in an attempt to repair the damage to her body. When she married a second time, she gave birth to a daughter with serious handicaps. Gonorrhea and syphilis contracted from Japanese soldiers had been passed to her baby. "To this day, my daughter cannot hear or talk," Kim said. "She doesn't know what happened to me."

In Filippine, Sex Slaves are known as the "Lolas", the Grandmothers. When "Lola Nenita" resisted the first assault, she was severely beaten. During their "rest periods" the women had to cook and do the laundry for their captors -- but they were never allowed to talk. They escaped when the Americans came and "Lola Nenita" returned home only to be thrown out by her husband and ostracized by relatives. She had brought dishonor to the family. Her children were forbidden from calling her Mother.

In East Timor, a Japanese Sex Slave exhibition exposes Japanese darkness in East Timor, a joint project conducted by the Japanese and East Timorese human rights groups. Furusawa Kiyoko, an associate professor of development and gender studies at Tokyo Woman's Christian University said, "Women enslaved in comfort stations were forced to serve many soldiers every night, while others were treated as the personal property of particular officers," she said.

"The women were also made to work at tasks such as building roads, cutting wood, growing and preparing food, and doing laundry during the day," Furusawa said. Comfort women received no payment for their work and little or no food, she added. Family members either brought food to the comfort stations or the women were sent home to obtain it.

Many Sex Slaves became sterile from the repeated rapes. Women who became pregnant or infected with a sexually transmitted disease were given a shot of the antibiotic terramycin, which the women referred to as "Number 606", the drug made the women's bodies swell up and would usually induce an abortion." The 606 was actually an injection of poisonous mercury. If a girl did get pregnant, soldiers would occasionally sit on the girl's stomach until the unborn baby came out, then they would kill the baby. The girl who had just given birth was not allowed a recovery period, and she was forced to have sex again right away. If a girl became too ill, a guard would wrap her up in a blanket and carry her away. Kim Yoon-shim, a former comfort woman reported, " I did not see any of the sick girls ever come back.”

Tan Yadong, a former sex slave, recalled one of her comrades who became pregnant. "They hung this poor girl from a tree. They killed her by cutting her open with a knife in front of all the people of our village. I could see the baby moving."

Lee Ok Soon, now 76, still suffers from the Sexual Slavery of her teens, "My two sisters feel quite ashamed of me and say that it was all my fault. They won't visit me at all." Although Lee married later, but she never revealed her past to her husband for fear of rejection, "I got so many injections of 606 that I was unable to have children ..... He didn't know." she explained. The 606 was actually an injection of poisonous mercury.

Jang Jomdol, 83, gave the tearful testimony, "It's so shameful just to think of what had happened to me when I was young serving as a Sex Slave of the colonial Japanese troops. It makes me sick," She said, "At first I felt so ashamed of my humiliating experiences I couldn't come out. It was really agonizing to bring myself up to tell the truth, but I finally decided to let the world know what really happened, contrary to the continued denial of this truth by the Japanese authorities."

She was abducted in 1938 at age 16 and forced to be Sex Slave of 40 Japanese soldiers daily on average for almost 2 years with repeated pregnancies and miscarriages alternately. She made several futile escape attempts, each time ending in beatings until she fell into unconsciousness. She saw 2 of her Sex Slave friends commit suicide and the memory haunts her even these days. "I won't be able to close my eyes even at my deathbed, unless I hear Japan apologize for its barbarism." she emphasized.

Kim Ok Sun, was kidnapped at age 15, thrown in a dirty truck packed with 15 other Korean girls and shipped to Taiwan. She painfully recounted the details of her 8 years Sex Slavery. One of the girls died after she was raped by as many as 100 soldiers, another committed suicide and 2 became insane.

The people in the hamlet burned most of their photographs of Gai Shanxi, a former Sex Slave, and all of her belongings because they believed anything related to her would bring them bad luck. But the Chinese filmmaker Ban Zhongyi persevered and over the years, Ban found women who shared horrific stories of being taken with the 22-year-old Gai Shanxi to a pillbox in nearby Jingui village, where they were raped every day by 20 to 30 men. "She offered herself to the army in order to protect other girls", one woman said.

Zhou Fenying, 90-years old, testifies to Japan's Sex Slavery. She were raped daily by more than 50 Japanese soldiers and was beaten if resisted. She was so traumatized by the incident that she never stopped crying. As a result, she contracted a serious eye disease and eventually lost her sight. Alocal town official redeemed her. Seeking revenge, her husband joined the army. The recent death of a former Chinese Sex Slave Lei Guiying, who was raped by a Japanese soldier and was forced into Sex Slavery at the age of 13 in a brothel in Nanjing for 2 years. "She burst into tears when I read her a local newspaper story about the death of Lei Guiying, the only person to have testified to wartime Japanese sexual slavery in Nanjing," recalled Jiang Weixun, her 62 years old son. He subsequently encouraged his mother to go public. "My mother has finally stood up to testify to wartime Japanese atrocities," said Jiang, "she deserves the respect and support of all the Chinese people".

Won Ok Gil was only 13 when forced to be as sex slave by the Japanese. In 1998, she decided to break her silence and now travels around the world seeking justice. But at 83 fears time is running out. "I only have one wish. To hear a sincere apology from the Japanese government to me, and that they ask for forgiveness."

University of Victoria Japanese history professor John Price says that After the war, the Japanese Army went to great lengths to cover up its connection to the Sex Slaves. Thousands of them were killed by the fleeing Imperial soldiers.

Of the about 400,000 Sex Slaves, only fraction lived through the ordeal and just about 500 are believed alive today. They were forced to serve up to 40 men a day.

No one knows the true figure.

Most have concealed their past, considering it too shameful.

Even more miserable, "Many of these women never went back to their families because they felt they would shame them," said Nora Okja Keller.

In Feb. 1992, the "Comfort Women" issue was first taken up at the U.N. by attorney Etsuro Totsuka at the commission of Human Rights adopted a resolution criticizing all form of violence against women in war situation.

In Nov. 1992, the International Commission of Jurists recommended that the Japanese Government should pay state compensation of US $20,000 to each of the victims for their physical and emotional damages.

In Aug. 1994, Japanese Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama annonunced a project for "Peace and Friendship Exchanges" tried to solve this issue. The proposal was criticized both at home and aboard that Japan is not taking its responsibility of state compensation to the victims.

In July. 1995, Japanese government established a private sector fund called "Asian Women's Fund" (AWF) tried to settle the "Comfort Women" issue privately. However, the fund has been rejected by most of the victims of military sex slavery by Japan and their support groups.

Victims strongly opposed the "Asian Women Fund" because the private fund covers up the war crime of Japanese government and the systematic sexual violence again women committed by a country.

Most victims have refused it and say, "We want no charity, but dignity".

On Jan. 4 1996, the U.N. Human Rights Commission released an official report, submitted by the UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women by Radhika Coomaraswamy, on the wartime Sex Slavery, and report by International Commision of Jurists, Geneva Comfort Women : An Unfinished Ordeal.

In 1998, another U.N. report by Special Rapporteur Ms. Gay J. McDougall Systematic Rape, Sexual Slavery and Slavery-like practices during armed conflict. The reports are founded on years investigation and recommends that Japanese government should assume state responsibility and

1. Acknowledge its violation of international law.
2. Make a public apology in writing to individual women.
3. Pay compensation to individual women.
4. Amending educational curricula to reflect true historical realities.
5. Full disclosure of related documents
6. Identify and punish, as far as possible, involved perpetrators

The Japanese Government insisted that the recommendation from U.N. do not imply any legal binding, therefore, Japan has no obligation to comply with them.

Japan had joined in 4 international treaties that barred sexual trafficking in women and forced labour: the International Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women and Children (1921), the International Agreement for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic (1904), the International Convention for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic (1910) and the Agreement on the Abolition of Forced Labour (1930).

In 1999, the ILO Committee of Experts, i.e. the 20 member quasi-judicial expert body of the International Labour Organization also published its 3rd observation. In Observation concerning Convention No. 29, Forced Labour, 1930 Japan, the ILO Committee turned down the Japan's argument that the Convention should not be applied in the event of war. The Committee found Japan's violations of the Convention 29 concerning not only the issue of Sex Slaves but also the issue of Slave laborers by the Japanese industries during WWII.

In April 1996, the delegate to U.N. from China, for the first time, stated that Japan should pay state compensation to the victims of Sex Slavery by Japan during WWII.

With the financial support from Japanese government, the AWF has been actively exploring its canvassing, large scale advertisement and disunited activities in victimized countries.

In Aug. 1996, 5 Filipino victims became the first group to receive 2 million yen each from AWF, together with a letter from Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto. However, the 5 Filipino victims refused the letter and declared that they will continue their fight to demand official apology and compensation because the money from the private fund was not meant as a redress because Japanese government had not made state compensation.

To encourage victims to accept the "offer of atonement", Japanese government decided in Jan. 1997, to pay out extra money to be used for medical care and welfare through the AWF. Still, most victims have rejected the offer and only 285 women have accepted money from the fund.

In Sept. 1997, Taipei Women's Rescue Foundation in Taiwan held an unprecedented fund raising with the support of a famous Taiwan Chinese historian and writer Lee Auh. It successfully raised and distributed 500,000 NT (2 million yen) each to 42 victims going against AWF. In Dec. 1997, Taiwan government matched the fund and distributed another 2 million yen each to all victims rejecting AWF.

In May 1998, South Korea paid 34.5 million won (about 3.5 million yen) to 12 victims. In May 8, 1998 the payment made by the Health and Welfare ministry, comprised 31.5 million won from state coffers and 3 million won from an additional 6.5 million won donated by non-government organizaiton. South Korea will continue making payments to the remaining victims through welfare section of Korean local government.

After more than 10 years, in total only a fraction i.e. 364 former Sex Slaves had accepted the AWF money since 1995. “Why should I accept money from private Japanese people? They were also victims during the war” Even those who favored accepting the money said the fund reflected the absence of moral clarity in Japan, an opinion that was reinforced when Japan PM Shinzo Abe denied the Japanese military’s role in coercing women into sexual slavery. “It was really awful for the women. Four of them called me and said, ‘How could this happen again? How could they do this to me again?’ ” said Marguerite Hamer, the head of Project Implementation Committee in the Netherlands, through which 79 Sex Slaves have received compensation from the Asian Women’s Fund. “The Japanese government has presented this fund to deceive our survivors and the international community,” said Nelia Sancho, a leading supporter of the women in the Philippines.

Japan has always denied any official approval of the brothels, arguing they were created by civilians. But according to a recently declassified US report from the National Archives obtained under the US Freedom of Information Act, issued by General Headquarters, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers on Nov. 15, 1945, the 36-page report offers the most detailed account yet of how the Japanese military brothels were run.

According to the report, Sex Slaves were given room and board but had to split medical expenses for treating their sexually transmitted diseases with the brothel operators, and had to buy clothes and grooming out of a small stipend they were to have received. But the women, abducted or tricked into the brothels by agents for the Japanese government, never received any payment, former Sex Slaves told researchers.

The report is expected to assist human rights activists who have been fighting for reparations for the surviving Sex Slaves of what some scholars refer to as the "Pacific Holocaust".

Last year 2003, a list of South Korean victims compulsorily mobilized by the Japanese imperialists was made public display in Seoul for the first time. The list of 413,407 people was the result of the efforts for 30 years of the Investigation Team on the Truth about Forced Korean Laborers in Japan, composed of Korean and Japanese scholars and researchers. S.Korean Congresswoman Kim stressed, “ The number of victims including forced laborers, those drafted for military service, sex slaves, is about 7.5 Millions." About 15 % of visitors found their names on the list.

“I do not want money, but just a formal apology. Give back my youth.” said Hwang Gun Ju, now 81. When she was 20 years old, she was forced to be a Sex Slave for about 4 years. There were the names of 147 “Korean Sex Slaves” on the list. Their real names were withheld in consideration of their privacy. " Is the Japanese government waiting for us to die ? I will not die before I win the apology” she added.

"Some Japanese, unofficially, have spoken openly of what they term the "Biological Solution", said Christopher Simpson, an associate professor at American University studied the comfort women issue for years, "In other words, waiting until the women die."

In 1995 Kim Hak Sun, the first former Sex Slave to give public testimony, told the anthropologist that she thought the Japanese tactics would be to stall the legal proceedings until all the litigants were dead. Her words proved tragically prophetic. She died on December 16, 1997.

Her funeral procession was routed to pass in front of the Japanese Embassy, where it halted for a symbolic demonstration of her struggle against the Japanese Government.

15 Sex Slaves tell their story.

Oct. 2005 In a comprehensive report entitled " Still Waiting After 60 years: Justice for Survivors of Japan's Military Sexual Slavery System" by Amnesty International. the report outlines the brutal treatment suffered by Sex Slaves and the excuses given by Japan over the years to deny responsibility for their suffering, called on the Japanese government to accept full responsibility for Sexual Crimes.

The Japanese government has argued that Rape was not a war crime until 1949, when it was incorporated into the 4th Geneva Convention. Amnesty International argues in its report, that there is a wealth of evidence that Rape in the context of armed conflict was a crime under customary international law during the entire period in which the Japanese government operated its system of sexual slavery.

Of the 215 Korean survivors who registered with the Korean Council, only 122 are left. Almost half of the survivors died since the first victim went public in 1991.

In 2011, of the 234 victims registered with the Korean government, 169 have died. With 14 such victims dying this year, now only 65 Korean victims survive.

Chinese Taiwan has 28 of the women left with an average age of 84, according to the Women's Rescue Foundation.

In Filipino, 120 are still alive among 174 documented Sex Slaves.

In Indonesia, there are 1,156 known sex slaves, half of whom had already died.

Since 1992, Korean Sex Slaves have been demonstrating every Wednesday in front of the Japanese embassy in Seoul calling for justice. "We're old women, but before the last one dies, we want you to join our fight." said Yong Soo Lee. They distributed postcards calling for the blockage of Japan's bid for a U.N. Security Council seat.

For the past 20 years, the former Korean sex slaves have been staging 20 years' Wednesday protest rallies in front of the Japanese Embassy in Seoul every Wednesday demanding Japan's official apology, compensation, full disclosure of Japan's wartime sex slavery, construction of a memorial, and the inclusion of the Japanese wrongdoings in textbooks. Sex slaves struggle to keep plight in focus.

On Dec 14, 2011, The "Wednesday Rally" marked its 1,000th assembly. The Wednesday Rally was listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the world's oldest rally on a single theme in March 2002, when its 500th rally was held. In Canada, even high school students joined this 1000th comfort women's quest for justice.

Statue of Sex Slave 'comfort woman' erected outside Japanese Embassy in Seoul, a life-size bronze rendering of a young girl about the age they would have been when they were taken as sex slaves. They left it across the street from the embassy, so Japanese officials would think of them each time they looked out.

"The war may have ended decades ago. But my war is not over. It just can't be over until everything is disclosed and Japan's repentance is completed." said 81-year-old Yi Ok-seon who was 16 and kidnapped by Japanese to be Sex Slave for 10 soldiers on a weekday and as many as 40 a day on a weekend.

"Now you want a witness to my rape ? I am a witness. I am my own witness. I was the one Raped. I was the one ruined." said Lola Julia Porras, held captive in a tunnel in the Philippine and raped by Japanese forces in 1942 when she was 13 years old.

In a statement on Sex Slaves during the 51st session of the U.N. Commission on Human Rights in 1996, Karen Parker said the following :

"Mr. Chairman, How much compensation do you think ought to be paid to a woman who was Raped 7,500 times ???

What would the members of the Commission want for their daughters if their daughters had been Raped even once ??

One victim recounted how she was kidnapped; she was placed in a cubicle, where her hands were tied behind her back, and her legs were spread and tied to posts. They lined themselves outside our cubicles and as soon as one of them had satisfied his sexual desires another would come and have his turn."

Japanese Government earned hundred of millions by forcing hundreds of thousands of girls and women into Sex Slaves as pay service to its soldiers.

U.N. Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women, Karen Parker, confirmed victims' testimonies, and added her findings during the 51st session of the U.N. Commission of Human Rights in 1996, Karen Parker states,

"Our research shows that more than 50 % of the girls and women died as a direct result of the treatment they received"

"There was at least 100,000 Rapes per day , arranged by the Japanese Government, and carried out by its soldiers , 100,000 Rapists per Day".

"Even assuming only 5 years of program, there were at least 125 Million Rapes , 125 Million Rapes against the women of Korea, Philippine, Burma, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Netherlands."

Addressing at a public forum held in Tokyo in June, 1999, Ms. Gay J. an American international law specialist who issued a report endorsed at the 50th session of the U.N. Human Rights Subcommission on Aug. 21, 1998 : Systematic Rape, Sexual Slavery and Slavery-like practices during armed conflict, calling for Japan's reparation to wartime Sex Slaves, denounced the Japanese military abuse of Asian women as “One of the most egregious examples of wartime systematic Rape and Sex Slavery in History.”

McDougall rebuffed Japanese argument and said, “Statute of Limitations are in-applicable to Slavery, Crimes against Humanity and other gross violations of customary international law."

Dec 1, 2004 Women's organisations from Asia, Europe and North America agreed to act together from next year, the 60th anniversary of WWII to made abducted Sex Slaves by Japan to become global issue. "We'll launch a million-signature campaign worldwide to demand an apology and compensation from the Japanese government," said Suda Kaori, a Japanese member of the Korea Council for the Women Drafted for Military Sex Slavery by Japan.

On Aug 10, 2005 Women's groups rally across Asia, Manila, Seoul, Taipei, Tokyo, Osaka and other Japanese cities, urged Japan to apologize and compensate Sex Slaves. "Japan abducted me and forced me to become a Sex Slave," 76-year-old Korean Lee Yong-soo said, "The Japanese government should have come to my home and kneel down to apologize."

In Seoul, Kim Yun-ok said, " The Japanese soldiers enshrined at the Yasukuni Shrine are the very ones who Raped our grandmothers."

More than 86 % of the enshrined Japanese soldiers were from WWII. Private Tadokoro Kozo of the 114th division said in 1971 interview, " There wasn't . ANY . soldier who didn't Rape. After things were done, usually we killed them ..... We didn't want to leave any trouble behind .....",

i.e. ALL Japanese WWII soldiers are criminals , committed Mass Rape crime at the least.

After the war, Japan established brothels for U.S. soldiers with Japanese prostitutes across Japan. Grant Goodman, now a retired Kansas University history professor, discovered the Sex Slaves documents when he was serving as a second lieutenant during War. He said the U.S. had known Japanese Sex Slaves had existed since 1937. These facts complicate U.S. involvement in the Japanese War Crimes and Cover-up.

U.S. troops ignored Japan's Sex Slavery, used Japanese brothels after war. The first RAA brothel, called Komachien - The Babe Garden - each woman serviced from 15 to 60 clients a day. American historian John Dower, in his book "Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of WWII" says the fee was 15 yen or about a dollar. US leadership provided the Japanese government with penicillin for comfort women servicing occupation troops, established prophylactic stations near the RAA brothels. A Dec. 6, 1945, memorandum from Lt. Col. Hugh McDonald, a senior officer with the Public Health and Welfare Division of the occupation's General Headquarters, shows US occupation forces were aware the Japanese comfort women were often coerced.

From late 1942 Australia knew that the Japanese had shipped women to Rabaul where some 3000 Sex Slaves worked in an Australian Territory. The ‘Consolation Units’ had operated for 2 years in Rabaul – the capital of the Australia Mandated Territory of New Guinea. The New Guinea Comfort Women Story and the Australian Connection.

Daughter EILEEN :

It was a perfectly kept secret. There was some things that didn't make any sense - like, my mother always used to say, when it was her birthday or Mother's Day, and we'd say, "What do you want for a present?" And she'd say, "Just don't give me flowers. They're such a waste of money. Don't give me flowers." And we couldn't understand that. Everybody loves flowers. Every mother loves getting flowers.

Mother JAN :

In 1992, 50 years on, I remember hearing on the news that the War in Bosnia had broken out, and women were being Raped. Then I saw on television the Korean comfort women. The South Korean comfort women were the first ones to speak out. And I watched them here in my living room. And they wanted justice and compensation and an apology, more than anything else. They wanted an apology from the Japanese government. And they weren't getting anywhere. They were getting nowhere. And I thought, I must back up these women. Now it's time to speak out...... But before I could do that, of course, I had to tell my family. I had to tell Eileen and Carol. You know, How can you tell your daughters ? The shame was still so great, you know. I knew I had to tell them, but I couldn't tell them face to face.

Daughter EILEEN :

One day, my mother came up to my husband's shop and gave him an envelope and just mysteriously said, "Oh, give this to Eileen to read tonight." So I opened the envelope up, and there was two articles from Dutch newspapers with headlines about shocking revelations of Dutch women being used as Sex Slaves during the war. And I .... I just couldn't associate ..... "Why have I been given this to read ? What is this about ? Why has my mother given me this ? And as I read the articles, I just got so angry inside. I can feel it now. Anger just surged up inside me. I could see there was also a large amount of hand written notes by my mother, which was, in fact, 30 pages.

Daughter EILEEN :

And as it so turned out, it was exactly what I had feared. And all the time as I was reading, I was saying, "No ! Not this ! Not this !" And I was throwing the sheets of paper. And I can't believe the anger, because I'm not an angry person. Tears were just streaming down my face. I don't think I've ever cried so much in my whole life.

Daughter CAROL :

What I really felt was horror, shock and horror, that these things could have happened to such a beautiful person as my mother.

Daughter EILEEN :

All I'm thinking was, "No ! Not my .... No, this is not my mother. My mother is this beautiful .... is this beautiful, strong person. Nobody could do that to her. That's not what's happened. That's not what I've heard. That's not .... that's not the story of prison camp that I know." ....more here.....

Her book : 50 Years of Silence and video.

Normally historians maintain that historical facts need to be reconstructed utilizing diverse sources such as official and unofficial documents, testimonies, and other kinds of evidence; evaluated and verified in terms of its persuasiveness and logical coherence. However, Japanese right-wings insist that the official written documents are the only legitimate source for the study of history.

To refute this Sex Slavery issue, Japanese right-wings have extensively focused on the semantic and minor technical details of the testimonies and historical research. They insist that no state or military force was used because NO written official order has been discovered, therefore it is not the Real Truth and pushed for the revision of the history textbook. They completely ignore the fact that Japanese government had destroy all the official record to conceal their crimes, not to mention deliberate falsehoods and obfuscation sometimes found in official wartime documents.

For deatils, refer to The "Comfort Women" controversy: History and Testimony.

Even if the Sex Slaves came voluntarily or by private agents, they were effectively in a state of Sex Slavery because they had no freedom and were under strict military control, pointed out Yoshikazu Yoshimi, a professor at Chuo University and a leading expert on the issue. A number of government documents have already been discovered to prove the army planned the brothels, ordered them set up and was deeply involved in managing them, Yoshimi said.

Former Japanese Prime Minister Nakasone recalls in his memoirs authorizing the building of a "comfort station" on the island of Borneo for the use of men in his Naval Corps.

Japan in defiance to all Sex Slave victims, and the comprehensive report entitled "Still Waiting After 60 years: Justice for Survivors of Japan's Military Sexual Slavery System" compiled by the Amnesty International, and the Human Rights recommendations of Systematic Rape, Sexual Slavery by the United Nations which Japan is now applying for a permanent membership of U.N. Security Council, the

Japan's largest national newspaper Yomiuri Shimbun has called on its readers to celebrate the New History Textbooks of cutting out ALL mentions about the Sex Slaves.

Jun 13, 2005 Japan's Minister of Education and Culture, Nariaki Nakayama praised the recent deletion of Sex Slaves from History Textbooks.

To support the hundreds of teachers and students who refuse to sing the current Japanese notorious militaristic national anthem at school, someone has turned the Japanese notorious militaristic national anthem "Kimigayo" into 2 English versions titled : "Kiss Me" , and "Kiss Me Girl" , urge people to remember Japan's war crimes including Nanjing Massacre and Sex Slaves. Compensation win for Japanese teachers forced to sing notorious militaristic national anthem.

Sex Slave history erased from texts; Japanese '93 apology next ?. Note it (issued by then Chief Cabinet Secretary Yohei Kono) was a Personal apology, which was NEVER approved by the Japanese parliament.

Japan refused to comment on former Japanese PM Yasuhiro Nakasone's memoirs of his service as a naval officer and he personally set up a military brothel during War.

Japan cannot contain its fury over N.Korea's failure to "sincerely" face up to its role in kidnapping a handful of Japanese civilians during the Cold War and forcing them to teach Japanese customs and language to N.Korean spies. "The Japanese become very emotional about the abductees because the victims are Japanese... What Abe is demanding from N.Korea, an apology and punishment for the people who did it, should be the same standard he applies on comfort women." says Yoshimi Yoshiaki, a Chuo University professor and co-chairman of the Center for Research and Documentation on Japan's War Responsibility. "They were raped by the Japanese military," said Thomas Schieffer, the U.S. ambassador to Japan.

What is the difference between no coercion in recruitment and the coercion in the comfort stations, which deprived Sex Slaves of human rights ? The Japanese cabinet council is playing with words. Japan is insisting that N.Korea should free 17 Japanese who had been kidnapped by N.Korea, or it would not participate in economic aid for N.Korea that was agreed to at the six-party talks. But what about the the 200,000 Sex Slaves kidnapped by Japan ? N.Korea leader Kim Jong-il acknowledged the kidnapping of the Japanese. Why won't Abe acknowledge and apologize for the coercion of Sex Slaves ?.

“The Japanese military itself newly built this system, took the initiative to create this system, maintained it and expanded it, and violated human rights", said Yoshiaki Yoshimi, the Japanese history professor at Chuo University who discovered the conclusive evidences that forced Japanese Government to apology in 1993. Since then, led to years of harassment from the right wing, he said, including nightly phone calls.

Japan government had always maintained that there were no official documents to prove the military's role in establishing the brothels. To Yoshiaki Yoshimi, Abe's denial sounded familiar, because it was his discovery of the official documents that forced Japanese PM Abe now to change a bit by saying that there were no official documents to prove that the military forcibly procured the women, thereby discounting other evidence, including the testimony of former sex slaves.

The emphasis on official documents has long been part of Japan's government strategy to whitewash war crimes. Because "if you can't use anything except official documents, history itself is impossible to elucidate", said Yoshimi. "There are things that are never written in official documents", he said. "That they were forcibly recruited that's the kind of thing that would have never been written in the first place".

Not to mention that in the 2 weeks between Japan's surrender and the arrival of US occupation forces, Japan leaders incinerated so many potentially incriminating documents that the Tokyo sky was said to be black with smoke. The few official documents that he had discovered, survived only because they had been moved 25 miles west of central Tokyo before the end of the war, Mr. Yoshimi said. Today, Japan refuses to release documents that historians believe have survived and would shed light on Japan's wartime history.

Ironically, the Japanese '93 apology states that "....The Government study has revealed that in many cases they were recruited against their own will, through coaxing coercion, etc., and that, at times, administrative/military personnel directly took part in the recruitments....."

Koken Tsuchiya, the former president of the Japan Bar Association criticized Japan for denying the forced Sex Slavery, "Though Japanese politicians are calling for a reinvestigation, it would be meaningless unless it is based on meticulous research. It is far-fetched that they believe the victims were not coerced only because official records don’t say the word ‘coerce.’". He asks Japan to open up stored records on 'comfort women'.

US Congressional Research Service (CRS) report concluded that Japan's war crimes acknowledgments have been weakened in the eyes of many by related controversies over Japan's historic record, e.g. Koizumi's visits to Yasakuni Shrine, History textbook, and statements by individual Japanese political leaders. "Abe government's denial of any evidence of military coercion in recruitment goes against the testimony former comfort to Japanese government researches who compiled the 1992-1993 government report and the testimony of forced recruitment by nearly 200 former comfort woment from different Asian countries and the Netherlands of the 400 plus testimonies cited in Yuki Tanaka's book, Japan's Comfort Women".

In 2007, 44 Japanese parliament members placed a full-page ad in The Washington Post that denies Japan's Sex Slavery . The full-page ad, which seeks to share "the truth with the American people" was signed by 44 members of Japan's parliament.

In 2008, an exhibition titled "One day, the Japanese army arrived — Rapes and Comfort Stations in China in Toyko . "Many women were abducted and raped by Japanese soldiers as a warning against Anti-Japan movements there" said Eriko Ikeda, director of the exhibition at the Women's Active Museum on War and Peace, known as WAM. A woman in Guilin, who was married at the time, was abducted with 6 or 7 other women and got pregnant while being repeatedly raped at a comfort station. Her son, fathered by a Japanese soldier, has been discriminated, was forced to withdraw from an elementary school and was repeatedly hit by his father, said, "I hope the Japanese government will apologize to my mother.". A woman from S.Korea was recruited at age 17 that she would work at a Japanese factory but was actually brought to a comfort station in Shanghai. "I was forced to work with 30 to 40 men a day and I didn't have time even to sleep."

4 damages lawsuits were filed in Japan, of which the plaintiffs already lost 3 cases, according to WAM. The Japan court acknowledged the plaintiffs' claims that they were "abducted, confined, continuously beaten and raped by Japanese soldiers" but rejected their demand for 23 million Yen each partly because their right to demand redress expired after 20 years. One plaintiff is Chen Yabian who suffered 8 miscarriages during 9 pregnancies after surviving the wartime atrocities. Former Japanese soldiers Hajime Kondo said, "I once joined a gang rape with several other soldiers." Another panel says: "I was told by my colleagues, 'It's your turn. I had become such a man, who joined a gang rape and killed nonresistant people without hesitation, while I spent 4 years in battlefields." Stirred by his remorse, Kondo has repeatedly visited China since 2000 while testifying in court cases on behalf of the victims.

On Dec 14, 2011, The "Wednesday Rally", a weekly demonstration held in front of the Japanese Embassy in Seoul to demand Japan's official apology and compensation for Korean women used as sex slaves in WWII, marked its 1,000th assembly. The first rally was held Jan. 8, 1992. The Wednesday Rally was listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the world's oldest rally on a single theme in March 2002, when its 500th rally was held.

Statue of Sex Slave 'comfort woman' erected outside Japanese Embassy in Seoul, a life-size bronze rendering of a young girl about the age they would have been when they were taken as sex slaves. They left it across the street from the embassy, so Japanese officials would think of them each time they looked out.

In 2011, a new Japanese book written by Hiroko Tsubokawa and Noriko Omori titled "Shiho ga ninteishita Nihongun 'ianfu' : higai kagai jijitsu wa kesenai! " spelled out the 10 lawsuits filed by former comfort women from South Korea, China and elsewhere. And the Japanese courts had no choice but to acknowledge, based on their testimonies, that the 31 women were abducted and forcibly taken to brothels.

"When they all pass away, the Japanese government will be left with a debt that can never be redeemed" said S.Korean Foreign Minister Kim Sung-hwan.

Please sign the 100 Million signatures campaign for the resolution of Japanese military Sexuall Slavery.

This large scale of Slavery Crime is definitely the worst war crime case of massive slavery violation against Humanity committed by a country in our Human History. Japan had surpassed Nazi in both the number and brutalities of using the Slaves in both Before and During the War.

"The Japanese were running no less than the biggest Slave shipping operation since the middle passage, the African Slave Trade," California based lawyer Barry Fisher said.

Millions of so-called "romusha" Asians worked as Slaves forced by the Japanese across Asia Pacific. It is estimated more than 15 Million Asian and PoWs were used as Slaves and only fraction of the survivors may still be alive.

Although Japan had destroyed most of its war documents to conceal its crimes, what can almost be certain is that, Japan had surpassed Nazi German in both the Number and Brutalities of using the Slaves in both Before and During the War.

More shocking is that the death rate in Nazi-run PoW camps was 1.1 %; but in Japanese prisoner camps it was a staggering 35.7 %, according to The Center for Civilian Internee Right, Inc..

But, the Most shocking fact is that the Death rate in the Japan's Asian Slave Camps was even higher than the PoW Camps.

In the so-called Hanaoka Incident, about 100 Slaves were killed in 3 days after the unsuccessful escape. In total, more than 418 of the nearly 1,000 men sent to Hanaoka were dead by the end of War. Shocking fact is that, Hanaoka was hardly the worst site.

The death count was even higher at other Asian Slave Camps in Japan.

Though the Nazi regime lost the war, German companies profited from Slave labor. German Industrial Wealth was 17 times larger After the war than in 1939 by using Slave laborers according to economic historian Dietrich Eichholz.

Linda Goetz Holmes details in her book Unjust Enrichment: How Japan's companies built postwar fortunes using American PoWs.

At least 2,700 American PoW as Slave labored in the factories, mines and shipyards of Mitsubishi subsidiaries.

Exactly like ALL the Western colonial countries G8, Japan also became a rich country mainly through various brutal colonial Crimes. For details, refer to Criminal Enrichment against Humanity - Extortion & Looting of Asia.

In 1939, the Japanese government passed the National General Mobilization law, which forced all colonial subjects, including Koreans, and Chinese in Taiwan and Manchuria, to work wherever needed by Tokyo.

During the war, Japan set up numerous Slave Camps all over Asia. According to Japanese official record, in Japan alone, there were 135 Slave Camps for 35 Japanese companies, 22 of which are still in business.

In the late 1930s, Japanese army began what it euphemistically called "pacification" campaigns to seize workers for Manchuria's mines and factories. "At least 9 Million northern Chinese and their families were coerced or tricked into going to Manchuria, where they were used as forced laborers," according to He Tianyi, a scholar. Prisoners were held in concentration camps, then handed over to Japanese companies in Manchuria -- for a fee.

It is also known as the "Compulsory Seizure Campaign", better known as "Laborer Hunting", in which the Japanese army kidnapped Chinese and exported them to Japan to work as Slaves at mines, construction sites and docks from Kyushu to Hokkaido. The overall official death rate of 17.5 percent, more than one in 6 in barely 2 years of operation. Some individual work sites posted death rates in excess of 50 %.

Cruelty was a central feature of supervision and there were no days off. Food, clothing and shelter were provided at, and in many cases below, survival threshold levels. Failure to meet demanding production quotas resulted in beatings and reduction of meager food rations. Some workers were reduced to wearing discarded cement sacks with arm holes cut into them.

For details, refer to Chinese Forced Labor, Japanese Government and Prospects for Redress.

After 1939, the historians calculate, the number of Asians Slaves kept in one Chikuho region only had swelled to over a Million.

According to Japanese current foreign minister Taro Aso family's Aso Mining Company's own statistics, in Mar. 1944, it had a total of 7,996 Korean laborers. 300 Allied PoW were enslaved at the Aso Yoshikuma coal mine or knwon as the Fukuoka PoW Branch Camp No. 26. Japanese current foreign minister Taro Aso himself ran the Fukuoka company from 1973-79, and continues to maintain his relationship with the firm.

300 PoWs (197 Australians, 101 British and two Dutch) were forced to dig coal without pay for Aso Mining Co. in 1945. Some 10,000 Korean labor conscripts worked under severe conditions in the company's mines between 1939 and 1945; many died and most were never properly paid. Taro Aso was president of Aso Cement Co., the successor firm to Aso Mining, during the 1970s. Aso continued to sidestep the PoW controversy even after his office was provided with a copy of the Aso Company Report by the Allied war crimes investigators, detailing living and working conditions for the 300 prisoners. The report is written on Aso Mining stationery and bears company seals.

"Because Aso's family connection gave him the opportunity to address wrongs in the firm, and he did not do so," making him an unsuitable foreign minister by German standards according to German Embassy official in Tokyo. Japanese Foreign Ministry in Tokyo did not respond to inquiries on the issue.

Taro Aso only conceded, NOT apologized, to the foreign reporters on the EVE of becoming Japan prime minister that PoWs worked at his family's coal mine in Kyushu during WWII. In Dec. 2008, when the mining official documents found, Japan PM finally acknowledges his family mining firm used PoWs as forced labourers contradicting Aso's longstanding denials, and that Japan had been mistaken when it denied that fact when he was foreign minister. Historians have said his family mine had a reputation for brutality compared to others.

In the 1970s, Aso was president of his family company, which is now called the Aso Group and is still run by his family. Documents on workers at the mine were recently found in a labour ministry storage room, although scholars have written about the matter for years.

In Jan. 2009, for the 1st time, after 64 years of denial, Japanese Prime Minister Aso acknowledged that his family Aso Mining used 300 PoW slaves.

Japan has long used the absence of official Japanese government documents to deny wartime crimes, rejecting documents from other countries or accounts of survivors. According to scholars, Japanese officials, to avoid prosecution, burned documents in Japan and across Asia in the days and weeks after the surrender to the United States. But many scholars believe that significant documents survive, as in the case of the 43 pages related to the Aso family mine.

Japan's admission came only after official documents released showing that 300 British, Dutch and Australian PoWs worked at a mine owned by Aso Mining. Of the 3 coal mining companies in the Fukuoka region at the time, the Aso family's business was the harshest in all areas of wages, work environment and labor supervision.

Former Slave Liu Lianren was abducted in 1944, one month before his son's birth. Unaware the war had ended, Liu hid in the mountains of Hokkaido and emerged from a snow cave in Feb 1958. At the time Nobusuke Kishi who oversaw the Slave labor program as minister of commerce and industry during the war, was imprisoned as a Class-A War Criminal suspect and later became Japanese prime minister in 1957.

Ironically, Kishi government proceeded to investigate Liu for entering Japan illegally. Liu angrily demanded compensation for his abduction and forced labor, telling reporters to ask Class-A war Criminal suspect Japan's Prime Minster Kishi how he had come to be in the country. He turned down the Japanese government’s proffered envelope containing 100,000 yen in sympathy money and returned to China home as national hero and met his 14-year-old son for the first time.

Foreign Ministry files declassified in 2002 revealed that Japan Kishi's government conspired to deceive the Diet and citizens' groups about the state's possession of Chinese slaves' records. Kishi's intent was to block Japanese activists from returning remains to China and publicizing the program's true nature, as well as to head off state reparations demands from Beijing. In 2003, the Foreign Ministry searched a basement storeroom and found 20,000 pages of Chinese forced labor records submitted by companies in 1946, despite decades of denials that such records existed.

The Tokyo District Court in July 2001 ordered Japanese Government to compensate his family, but the Tokyo High Court overturned the ruling in 2005.

In 1944, Japanese government issued its brutal "Guidelines for Controlling Imported Chinese Laborers" to ENSURE that the living conditions were purposely made as wretched as possible and Slaves were deliberately treated harshly which were even ENFORCED by regular inspections, i.e. inferior clothing, overcrowded sleeping quarters, primitive sanitation, no bathing facilities, limited medical care, minimal amounts of poorest quality food, to be withheld as necessary to crush their will to resist.

According to the Japanese official Foreign Ministry Report 38,935 Chinese Slaves brought to Japan. 812 Slaves died during transit. In total, 6,830 Chinese Slaves died excluding thousands died in detention or killed to escape.

In June 1944, based on the recommendations by Honma Fusakichi who served as Kishi's deputy cabinet secretary, the Japanese Interior Ministry issued Slave guidelines called "Reference Documents for Use of Chinese Workers" :

"Regarding living quarters, the ceiling should not be more than [10 cm] higher than workers' heads when they are seated. Then we could more than double the number of workers presently in camps. Bathing facilities are especially excessive and are not necessary for Chinese workers .....

"If you give them only a little food, they will be tense and their work productivity will improve ..... It may be difficult to reduce food rations right away, so you can start with the sick and workers who have been resting. Or, it should be possible to reduce food rations by a small amount every day ..... If you allot them twice as much work as Japanese or Koreans, it will be more effective ..... The Chinese are a race unaffected by feelings ..... It is true that the Chinese have loving feelings for their homeland and the graves of their ancestors. But they never shed real tears. Tears for people like them are skillful acting ....."

The Investigator Report for Ashio included the following numbered directives from Tochigi police :
(2). Be overpowering as method of control .....
(3). When you capture runaways, do not let them return to their camp and work again. (If they are allowed to return, other workers will be relieved to see that runaways are not killed, causing others to flee) .....
(5). Make the living quarters as shabby as possible .....
(6). Make the food as poor as possible and consider it to be fodder .....

In Apr 1945, Kajima made an in-company transfer of 280 laborers from an Iwate mine to an Ibaraki mine. 50 % of these men died. The Ibaraki worksite reported that none of them could get off the train unassisted and 70 % of them could not walk at all due to eye, lung and intestines illnesses.

The high death toll was then shamelessly blamed on the Slaves themselves, as described in a Kajima Corp. Site Report : "Chinese workers lack any concept of sanitation ..... most skin disorders were brought with them from China ..... The cause of gastroenteritis is traceable to living environments in China. In addition to having weak bodies and weak resistance, they lack a personal sense of hygiene and neglect their health. For example, they stealthily pick up and eat rotten leftover food that has been thrown away, resulting in colon bacillus and making activity difficult."

Therefore, after the war, Japanese government immediately instructed Japanese corporations to burn all Slave records to conceal slavery crimes. NHK referred to a committee report that explicitly specified 3 days of document-burning commenced on Aug 16 at the direction of the Munitions Ministry, and to implement a defense strategy for preventing Slave crime investigations from spreading beyond Hanaoka.

In an "Important Notice for Preparing Name Rosters", Hokkaido prefectural police directed town offices and local physicians to falsify death certificates by omitting references to starvation, overwork, torture and suicide. "Causes of death such as malnutrition, starvation, suicide and death by occupational injury should be rewritten ..... The rewriting of death certificates should be coordinated with doctors and local public officials." Otomo Fukuo, a MOFA investigators, told NHK that in one railroad worksite in Hokkaido, 26 out of 90 death certificates had been rewritten and falsified on police orders.

The site report for Mitsubishi’s Katsuta mine in Fukuoka even claimed that Chinese were fed better than Japanese, and worked only 8-hour days with escorted trips out of the camp on holidays.

However, in 1993, Japanese NHK TV broadcasted a special called "The Phantom Foreign Ministry Report: The Record of Chinese Forced Labor". It details Japanese official brutal Chinese Slave system. The documentary was awarded the top prize at the 1993 Asia TV Broadcasting Festival. NHK also published a 244-page book with the same title in 1994.

NHK producer obtained the long-suppressed Japanese official 5-volume of 646-page "Foreign Ministry Report" (FMR) and related documents from Chen Kunwang of the Tokyo branch of the Overseas Chinese Association, and Otomo Fukuo, an official MOFA investigators dispatched to worksites. Chen told NHK that someone connected to MOFA, disobeying orders to destroy the records, secretly gave him via a middleman.

In 2002, the declassified Ministry of Foreign Affairs documents clearly revealed that the "voluntary contract labor" was a cover-up devised by the Japanese Kishi government who authorized the Slave scheme. Japanese government then changed its position and insisted that the program had only consisted of "half-forced" labor. After a series of court proceedings Japanese government finally was forced to acknowledge the existence of FMR Chinese Slave report and had to offer an apology in July 2003.

For details, refer to The Japanese Court, Mitsubishi and Corporate Resistance to Chinese Forced Labor Redress, and the Resolving the Wartime Forced Labor Compensation Question.

After the war, the abuse of the allied PoWs in Slave camps was vigorously prosecuted. But in cases, where the victims were Chinese Slaves, often igonored. e.g. In Yokohama war crimes trials handed down 60 guilty verdicts including 8 death sentences for atrocities against Allied PoWs in Niigata Prefecture. But NO charges were even filed for the Chinese Slaves enslaved at the SAME port facilities and were TWICE as likely to have died.

Most Japanese construction and mining companies won't even say if they used Slave labor or not. The documents, they argue, was lost in the "confusion" at the end of the war. Few survivors are now fighting for apologies and compensation in court. "We are not sure if we will see the end of this fight [against Kajima]," Wan says. "That is why we are passing it on to our children."

Using the obvious U.S. double-standard in the Tokyo Trials, Japanese company Mitsubishi asserted that the lack of Slave War Crimes prosecutions against the company proves its innocence in the Slave lawsuits. In the court, Mitsubishi not only denied the historical facts routinely recognized by other Japanese courts, also criticised Tokyo Trials, even openly questioning whether Japan ever "invaded" China at all.

Numerous inhuman Slave Camps were established in Japan and all Asia. The so called "Hanaoka Incident - Kajima's Throne of Blood" was probably one of the many similar "incidents". It would never have become an incident if American occupation authorities had not caught employees of Kajima Gumi digging up a Mass Slave Grave to hide their Chinese Slaves' bones.

The Slaves, recaptured after an unsuccessful uprising. More than 400 Chinese Slaves killed. Many were tortured to death during the non-stop 3 days and 3 nights torture without any food or water in the summer night of 1945. It was pieced together by Nozue Kenji and Yachita Tsuneo in their years long search for the truth.

Yasuo Togashi was 9 when he and his neighbors cheered when the bone-thin escapees were recaptured. "We thought the Chinese weren't even human, and we were happy when they were caught. Now, I feel nothing but remorse." said Togashi, 69, a retired teacher.

Back in China, unfortunately, many Slave survivors continued to suffer after the war, physically and socially. In 2004, Cui Shujin visited Fukuoka and presented a "Safekeeping Voucher" for 1,250 yen in unpaid wages to the Moji Customs Office, which declined his request to redeem the voucher for cash. Cui said everyone else secretly burned theirs during the Cultural Revolution because discovery of such a direct link to Japan could have resulted in execution as a Japanese spy.

Initially, the Chinese government did not even make NHK's task of filming in China easy. Only in 1995, China had finally allow victims to file lawsuits in Japanese courts. About 72 wartime Slaves compensation lawsuits were filed between the 1990s and 2004. An oral histories of 600 Chinese Slaves were also published in a 5-volume collection in 2005.

After the war, Korean Slaves immediately began demanding their unpaid wages. In 1946, the Japanese government quietly instructed companies to deposit the Korean and Chinese Slaves related wages, monies, and also the money that was never paid out to Korean soldiers and civilians who worked for the Japanese military. However, Japan never tried to notify the Slaves or their families. Only recently Japan reluctantly admits that the monies are still being held.

It has been confirmed Korean Slave related money still being held amounts to US$ 2 million unadjusted for 60 years of compound interest and inflation. It has also been confirmed that Moji Customs Office alone today holds Chinese Slave related money of US$ 70 million unadjusted for 60 years of compound interest and inflation.

Japanese companies not only directly benefited from the un-paid Chinese Slaves during the war, but also benefited without paying any compensation to the Slaves after the war. Ironically, after the war in 1946, All 35 Japanese companies received generous compensation from Japanese government, i.e. US$ 560 Millions, for their claimed losses of using the un-paid Chinese Slaves.

A document uncovered by The Fact-Finding Team on Truth about Forced Korean Laborers, at the National Archives detailed a Japanese cabinet decision in 1944 regarding a plan to conscript a total of 290,000 Koreans to provide workforces to all parts of Japan. It said that 119,170 were taken to "coal mountain," 38,831 to "metal mountain," 74,030 to "construction," and 57,969 to "factories and others." As for Fukuoka prefecture where the largest number of Koreans were forced to work during WWII, the data referred to it as "coal mountain 50,525." The record also provided a new fact that 3,365 Koreans were taken to Chiba prefecture.

In 2005, S.Korean government disclosed all documents of the normalization talks in 1965 with Japan. S.Korean informed the Japan that 1.03 million S.Koreans were forced to work for the Japanese military or companies, and the financial damages they suffered exceeded $300 million. They agreed that Japan would provide economic assistance $300 million in grants and $200 million in loans. In exchange, S.Korea under the military government led by Park Chung Hee, under U.S. pressure, agreed to abandon its rights to claim compensation from Japan. The "Political Settlement" sparked outrage among S.Koreans saying Japan exploited their poverty directly caused by Japanese colonization. In Aug 2005, S.Korea declared that its 1965 Treaty does not erase Japan's legal responsibility for Sex Slaves and Slave laborers.

North Korea claimed that Japan had forced 8.4 million Koreans to go to Japan, mainly as Slaves during its colonization.

In 2003, a list of South Korean victims compulsorily mobilized by the Japanese imperialists was made public display in Seoul for the first time. The list of 413,407 people was the result of the efforts for 30 years of the Investigation Team on the Truth about Forced Korean Laborers in Japan, composed of Korean and Japanese scholars and researchers. S.Korean Congresswoman Kim stressed, "The number of victims including forced laborers, those drafted for military service, sex slaves, is about 7.5 Millions." About 15 % of visitors found their names on the list.

In Feb 2006, A Japanese citizens' group led by Atsuko Aoyagi who supports the Koreans who were pressed into military service or forced Slaves, published a book explaining the Korean lawsuits. The group plans to take the book to the U.N. Human Rights Commission, along with a petition calling on Japan to compensate the Korean.

Names, Bones and Unpaid Wages: Reparations for Korean Forced Labor - Part 1 , Part 2.

In Indonesia, the former Slaves laborers are known as "Romushas". The Japanese rounded up the Romushas during occupation of what was then a Dutch colony in the East Indies and sent to work in road, railways and bridge. In 1993, 12,923 former Indonesian Slaves had registered demanding compensation from the Japanese government.

On Dec 7, 1941, Japanese pilot Mitsuo Fuchida led Japan's attack on the US base at Pearl Harbor. It was Fuchida's airplane from which was transmitted the radio signal "Tora! Tora! Tora!", indicating that a successful attack was underway. However, it was a strategic failure for Japan. Japan was gambling that it would be able to complete their Asian conquests before the U.S. could recover. U.S. might then choose negotiation over fighting.

On Aug 6, 1945, Paul Tibbets flew the Enola Gay, the B-29 bomber and dropped the atomic uranium bomb "Little Boy" on Hiroshima. Aug. 9 another atomic plutonium-239 bomb "Fat Man" exploded on Nagasaki. August 15 Japan surrendered.

Tibbets recalled a meeting with Japanese pilot Mitsuo Fuchida who transmitted the radio signal "Tora! Tora! Tora!" indicating that a successful Pearl Harbor attack was underway. Fuchida told him, " You did the right thing. You know the Japanese attitude at that time, how fanatic they were, they'd die for the Emperor. Can you imagine what a slaughter it would be to invade Japan ?" Fuchida continued. "It would have been terrible. You did the right thing. The Japanese people know more about that than the American public will ever know."

Paul Tibbets has been credited by thousands of former PoW, soldiers and civilians including Japanese, in all Asian countries for saving their lives. The Atomic Bombs also prevented the utter destruction of the Japanese mainland, and the deaths of millions of Japanese civilians who would have fought to their deaths.

A man from West Australia wrote in the guest book at the science museum at the Los Alamos National Laboratory :

"My mother, sister and I were in a PoW camp in Java (Djakarta) when the first bomb went off. As a reprisal, the Japanese were going to place all the camp residents in barges and sink them in the Java Sea. The 2nd bomb saved our lives -- and all those innocent women and children held in PoW camps all over Java and Sumatra and no doubt elsewhere.

I am grateful."

“Ask me to do it again under the same circumstances, I wouldn't hesitate,” Paul Tibbets said during a brief meeting with reporters. “I think I did the right thing.”

Japan, driven by the frenzy of Militarism, committed unspeakable war crimes and atrocities of such great magnitude and diversities un-matched even by the Nazi. Following table is a comparison of atrocities against U.S. PoW :

Clinton Jennings of San Francisco survived through the savage Bataan Death March to prison Camp O'Donnell on April 9, 1942. It was 70 miles 5 days 5 nights death march in 100 degree heat, deprived of food and water, 10,000 of 70,000 US and Filipinos PoWs died. "If a fellow fell down, he was either shot, bayonetted or beaten to death. I saw bodies strung along the highway." recalled Merle Lype of Thomasboro.

"There was a bayonet sticking six inches through his chest," said Claud Glascock who weighed 160 pounds dropped to less than 70 pounds while in captivity, "All we could do was drop him and keep walking unless we wanted to get shot and bayoneted."

At a railhead, they were loaded into hot, crowded box cars. "If you died in there, you couldn't fall to the floor even," said Rutter. At their eventual destination, Camp O'Donnell, 54,000 prisoners were crammed into facilities built for a fraction as many people. Malaria, dysentery and malnutrition killed another 20,000.

They were then transported to Japan in "Hell Ships" and elsewhere as slave laborer in 2 months trip, with little protection from the January cold. "the holes of the ship with just enough room to lie down head to toe," and fed "a small bowl of rice and a half a cup of water per day." "We were throwing American bodies overboard at the rate of 30, then 40, then 50 a day all the way to Japan," Mel Rosen said, "The Bataan Death March was a Sunday stroll compared to the 3 Hell Ships." Only 200 to 300 of the 1,600 prisoners loaded on the 1st ship made it to Japan. When Rosen arrived in Japan, his weight had dropped from 155 to 88 lbs.

Of the 12,000 US PoW at Bataan, only 4,000 were alive by the end of war. After 66 years, the survivours of Bataan Death March still struggles for their justice.

For 3-1/4 years, Melvin Routt toiled in coal mines. His weight dropped from 163 pounds to 83. Like millions in Asia, Routt and Jennings were U.S. PoW victims of the Japanese Army's wartime brutality. They were used as slave laborers in violation of the International War Conventions.

In the Borneo Sandakan Death March, 2,400 Australian and British PoWs in Borneo were force to march to Ranau, 250 km away through the jungle in 3 separate marches.

On 28 Jan. 1945, 470 prisoners set off, with only 313 arriving in Ranau. On the 2nd march, 570 started from Sandakan, but only 118 reached Ranau. The 3rd march comprised 537 prisoners. The march route was through virgin jungle infested with crocodiles, snakes and wild pigs, and some of the prisoners had no boots. Rations were less than minimal. The march took nearly a year to complete.

At the time of the Japanese surrender on 15 Aug. 1945, only 6 Australians of the 2,400 PoWs had survived the horrors of the Sandakan war camp and the Sandakan Death Marches.. They survived because they were able to escape from the camp at Ranau, or escaped during the march from Sandakan. No British PoWs survived.

The mines at Kinkaseki, near town of Chinguashi, Taiwan, boasted the largest copper output in Japanese empire. But the Conditions at Kinkaseki were worse than any of Taiwan's other 15 PoW camps. The PoWs were forced to march daily up and over a high ridge to the mine entrance - the Hellhole of Kinkaseki.

The PoWs were forced to work in unstable shafts amid temperatures that reached as high as 55 degrees C (130 F). The torture, degradation and slow starvation became worse as the war continued, is best described by Kinkaseki inmate Jack Edwards, doggedly unapologetic about his book's title " Banzai You Bastards ! ". The Japanese version is titled " Drop Dead, Jap Bastards ! "

200,000 Asian Slaves from India, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Burma and Thailand, and 60,000 PoWs were forced to construct the infamous 415 km Death Railway - Thai-Burma Railway, as supply line for the Japanese army to fight British India, which was made infamous by the movie - Bridge on the River Kwai. About 100,000 Asian Slaves and 16,000 PoWs died described by Cameron Forbes in his book Hellfire as if was " built on the Bones of the Dead", i.e. 300 death for every km.

The PoWs and Slaves were forced to build the railway between its garrisons in Thailand and Myanmar (Burma) through some of the world's most inhospitable, disease-ridden terrain with virtually no medicine, fed rotting rice with occasional bits of maggot-ridden meat and beaten by sadistic guards with nicknames like Dr. Death and The Maggot. Japanese engineers suggested that it would take at least 5 years to build, but the Japanese army forced the prisoners to complete it in only 16 months. The Japanese started a "speedo" campaign, already intolerable working hours were pushed to 18 hours a day.

The greatest display of Japanese brutality during the 14 months of the railway's construction came at Hellfire Pass, where PoWs had to cut through 533 meters of sheer rock to a depth of up to 20 meters with only primitive tools during torrential monsoon rains.

"It was like a scene out of Dante's Inferno," wrote one PoW, Hugh Clarke, in an image which gave the pass its name. Working at night under oil lamps and fires, the PoWs seemed to be laboring in the jaws of Hell.

Takashi Nagase was a military interpreter for the dreaded Japanese Kempeitai in the prison camp of the Railway. Nagase wants to redeem by Building Bridges Over Hate. He wants the Railway of Death to be designated a World Heritage Site to remind Japanese of their past brutalities.

Another movie Return from the River Kwai, made in 1988, has never been released in North American markets. Its producer Kurt Unger sued Japanese Sony Corporation and seeking $15 million in damage for blocking release the movie.

It tells the story of allied PoW being shipped from Thailand to Japan to work as slave laborers in coal mines. The ships were called "Hell Ships" by the PoW and some of these hell ships including Arisan Maru and Rakuyo Maru were torpedoed and sunk by US submarines with heavy loss of life because the Japanese refused to mark the ships to allow allied forces to distinguish them from combatant and combat support vessels.

Japanese distributor of movie "The Last Emperor" also intentionally edited out the documentary footage of the Nanjing Massacre that Bernardo Bertolucci had pointedly put into his film.

Another 1,400 U.S. PoWs were shipped to Manchuria, where PoWs said they were used as human guinea pig or "logs" by the infamous Japanese medical Unit 731 & Unit 100.

An official report in 1944 compiled from the sworn statements of PoWs who survived the starvation and torture and escaped. "Their sworn statements included no hearsay whatever, but only facts which the officers related from their own personal experience and observations," said the official report. The statements had also been verified from other sources. Atrocities by Japs: Deliberate Starvation, Torture, Death.

Farmer John Hall, 87, a former private with the 2/19th battalion, recalls: "We did 12-hour shifts and never saw daylight except a couple of days off a month. We had 1 1/2 cups of rice a day and uncooked leaves as greens, and were beaten and bashed all the time."

Former ambulance corporal Mick Kildey, 85, would like to tell Japan's current foreign minister, Taro Aso, who himself ran Aso Mining Co. from 1973-79, has never acknowledged his family company's illicit employment of thousands Slaves and PoWs, "We were beaten half to death, starved and covered with vermin you could never get rid of. How we never had enough to eat, not enough clothes to keep warm, sent down to dangerous pit levels the Japanese would not go."

In 2005, one of Japan’s most prominent magazines, Bungei Shunju, published an article arguing not only that the Bataan Death March was less severe than reported but also that the testimony of the survivors was "gathered based upon the assumption that an atrocity of the Death March did take place." Remarkably, members of Japan's Parliament plan to introduce a bill to provide back pay and pensions for Korean and other non-Japanese camp guards who had been convicted as war criminals for abusing Allied PoW's.

Japan's current Foreign Minister Taro Aso is refusing to confirm that POWs dug coal for his own family's Aso Mining firm — even challenging reporters to produce evidence. Evidences are as following :

On Aug. 19, 1945, the Imperial Japanese government's Committee to Negotiate Surrender delivered to U.S. Army Gen. Douglas MacArthur by hand in Manila, a list of prison camps in Japan and the names of private companies using Allied POWs. The Fukuoka section of the document shows the Camp 26 workforce was assigned to Aso's Yoshikuma colliery. This POW camp list can be found today in the MacArthur Memorial Archives in Virginia (Record Group 4, Box 23).

On Jan. 24, 1946, Aso Mining submitted a 16-page report detailing conditions at Yoshikuma to the Japanese government's POW Information Bureau, using company stationery and attaching an English translation. Ordered by Occupation authorities investigating war crimes against POWs, the company report claims the Westerners were fed, clothed and housed better than Aso's Japanese workers and Korean labor conscripts. The Aso report includes the company's Feb. 22, 1945, letter to the Japan War Ministry requesting use of 300 Allied prisoners for one year. Camp 26 opened on May 10.

These records produced by Aso Mining can be viewed in Maryland at the U.S. National Archives (Record Group 331, Box 927). The U.S. National Archives also retain the comprehensive Camp Management Report, compiled by the Japan POW Information Bureau and submitted to American military investigators in Tokyo on June 7, 1946. It confirms the "Aso Mining Industry Company" utilized 150 of the healthiest Camp 26 prisoners in the Yoshikuma coal pits.

The company even reported that prisoners could "take a rest in the recreation room," Also claims that, soon after Japan's surrender, prisoners thanked Aso officials for their kind treatment by giving them gifts.

A copy of the "Roster of Deceased Allied POWs in Japan Proper" resides at the National Diet Library in Tokyo. The roster records the names of the 2 Australian soldiers who died at Aso Yoshikuma: John Watson and Leslie Edgar George Wilkie. It is accessible online at the Web site of the POW Research Network Japan, run by Japanese citizens working to clarify the historical record.

Another U.S. government document in the National Diet Library is Report No. 174, issued by the Investigation Division of GHQ's Legal Section on Feb. 1, 1946. It summarizes a two-day inspection of the Camp 26 site, referring to the statement of an Aso company official as "Exhibit One." It also lists the names and ranks of Imperial Japanese Army personnel who guarded the POWs when they were not in Aso Mining's custody.

A 1982 book published by Japan's National Defense Academy also states that the camp's prisoners worked for Aso Mining. Arthur Gigger said Japan should stop denying the reality of forced labor at Aso Mining. "I know it happened," he said. "I was there."

In Jan. 2009, for the 1st time, after 64 years of denial, Japanese Prime Minister Aso acknowledged that his family Aso Mining used 300 PoW slaves. More details.

Near the end of the war, Japan issued the infamous "Kill Order" to its war camp commanders to kill all the remaining prisoners leaving no trace. Many believe that the Atomic Bombs and no other reasons that had saved the lives of all allied PoWs.

While many people around the world were horrified by the Atomic Bombs, many were overjoyed. A man from West Australia, writing in a guest book at the science museum at the Los Alamos National Laboratory :

"My mother, sister and I were in a PoW camp in Java (Djakarta) when the first bomb went off. As a reprisal, the Japanese were going to place all the camp residents in barges and sink them in the Java Sea. The 2nd bomb saved our lives -- and all those innocent women and children held in PoW camps all over Java and Sumatra and no doubt elsewhere.

I am grateful."

Frank James, now living in Redwood City, was shipped to Shenyang (Mukden) in Manchuria as a PoW in November 1942. The Japanese medical personnel wearing masks, sprayed liquid into their faces and gave them injection, took frequent blood samples and released fleas in the warehouse where the prisoners slept.

When he returned to the United States in 1945, the U.S. Army made him sign a document swearing never to discuss his 731 experiences in the camps. For 40 years, he didn't breathe a word.

In 1976, Nippon TV briefly stirred up public attention with documentary movie "The Horror of Unit 731".

In Nov. 1976 Yoshinaga Haruko, producer of TV documentary after years research: "A Bruise - Terror of the 731 Corps." became convinced that American PoWs were also used as logs.

In 1981s, Morimura Seiichi, author of best-seller novel "The Devil's Gluttony" and later followed by The Devil's Gluttony - A Sequel in 1983 included assertion that Allies PoWs were used as guinea pigs; also "The Germ Warfare Unit That disappeared" by Keiichi Tuneishi drew some public attention.

In Oct. 1981, it was John W. Powell's article in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists - " Japan's Biological Weapons: 1930-1945, A Hidden Chapter in History" brought much wider public attention and pressured US congress to hold a hearing from PoWs in 1982 and 1986.

Frank James and Gregory Rodriquez Jr. testified to Congress in 1986. However, the hearing lasted only half a day. No report was issued and no investigation was ordered.

On Aug. 13, 1985, British Independent Televison broadcast a documentary "Unit 731 - Did the Emperor Know ? ". It was producted by Peter Williams and David Wallace after years research, hinted broadly that Emperor Hirohito was aware of the human experiments. There was also an interview with retired Lt. Col. Murray Sanders, the first US investigator into Unit 731. Sanders claimed that Gen. Douglas MacArthur authorized him to make a deal with the Japanese if they cooperated with US Biological Warfare scientists.

The producers even sent a copy of the documentary film to the Japanese officials in London.

Murray Sanders was also interviewed by NBC Dateline "Factory of Death: Unit 731" on Aug. 15, 1995 said "It was a mistake for the criminal Japanese to have been pardoned."

US PoW Art Campbell described in the same TV program "Factory of Death: Unit 731" that he was being frozen for 24 hours and then taken to a hot room to be thawed out just like the Unit 731's Frost Bite experiment: "They froze until I was unconscious....." " I could not describe how much it hurt. It hurt so much that I begged the Japs to kill me."

Since 1999, about 60 Japanese companies including Mitsubishi and Mitsui, have been sued in U.S. court by former Slave PoWs seeking unpaid wages and compensation. Despite playing a central role in redress activities targeting Germany, instead of supporting U.S. PoWs, the U.S. government supported Japanese government and companies by filing an amicus brief arguing that the Peace Treaty had indeed waived all claims including individual claims of former PoWs. Therefore, after the dismissal of all the cases, Japanese companies and the Japanese government refused to take any actions comparable to those taken by the Germans.

However, the Secret Agreement made between Japan and Netherlands explicitly not waiving individual rights of Dutch citizens to make claims against Japan. Under the Article 26 of the Peace Treaty, any benefit granted to one signatory is automatically extended to all. Therefore, PoWs are still demanding Japan for compensation.

Unfortunately, After the bombing of 9/11, U.S. government is more determined to keep Japan for its War against Terrorism and has blocked all efforts of the slaved PoWs' demand for Japanese reparations.

Linda Goetz Holmes, author of Unjust Enrichment: How Japan's companies built postwar fortunes using American PoWs, has documented that PoW relief funds sent to Japan in 1944 by the British and U.S. were held by the Japanese government and later donated to the International Committee of the Red Cross. She writes, "The final irony is that Japan, with the consent of the Allies, was allowed to use relief money contributed by its wartime enemies, rather than funds from its own treasury, to settle some of its postwar claims".

In May 2004, The Japanese Fukuoka High Court rejected Chinese Slave's case saying it was filed too late. However, the court ruled that :

"The joint illegal conduct by the Japanese government and company, the "malicious destruction of evidence", the government’s false statements to the Diet and the Slave-like forced labor was an outrageous transgression of human dignity".

Chinese lawyer Kang Jian, who worked closely with Japanese lawyers for the Slaves regularly testifies, told the Japanese judges:

This is about "Whether Japan is a civilized society or a barbaric one, and about whether the Japanese legal system upholds human rights or denies them."

It is a litmus test for "Whether Japan is a country that maintains peace and respects human rights or a country that endorses War and ignores human rights."

During the lawsuits of Japanese detained in Siberia and that of Atomic Bomb victims, the Japanese government has consistently expressed that what was abandoned in the San Francisco Peace Treaty by Japan was not the individual's right to claim, but only the right to claim by the Japanese government on behalf of the individual from another nation (the right of diplomatic protection). Ironically, in the lawsuits with Chinese as the plaintiffs, the Japanese government then offered a totally different interpretation when dealing with Japan's own war responsibility. The Japanese government has effectively forfeited its own credibility.

In 1995, China’s foreign minister stated that the Joint Communique waived only the Chinese government’s reparations claims against the Japanese government, while leaving the claim rights of private Chinese citizens intact.

It was based on this understanding that the 1st and 2nd instance rulings by District Courts or High Courts in Tokyo, Fukuoka, Niigata, Hiroshima etc. did not support the Japanese government's position of "the abandonment of the Chinese victims' right to claim".

The Chinese government has recently allowed families of former Slave laborers to form a support group for redress activities, and permitted establishment of the Non-Governmental Fund to Support Lawsuits by Victims of the Japanese Army’s War of Invasion. And would soon allow former Slave laborers to sue Japanese corporations in Chinese courts.

So far, no Slave reparations is materialized, but a partial healing has occurred. Due to the considerable media coverage of the Slave lawsuits, memorials and solemn commemorations have been held at some of the former Slave sites in Japan.

In Oct 2009, the Japanese Nishimatsu Corporate, instead of adopting an integrated and unified approach to resolving all the claims with sincerity, signed a problematic "Settlement Terms" with 8 Chinese claimants which was criticized by many as "cheap compensation" hardly indicates any remorse or sincere reconciliation. Rejected by all plaintiffs: Failure of the Nishimatsu-Shinanogawa "Settlement".

"The War "Should Be Taught" in schools, and NOT just Pearl Harbor ," said Routt, the ex-PoW in Tracy.

"Kids growing up have absolutely NO knowledge of what War is Really like."

It was a Total War - War Without Mercy Against Humanity.

This war crime denial is definitely the worst war crime denial against Humanity committed by a country in our modern History. As called by the Japanese right-wings, it is the Japanese "Biggest Lie of the 20th Century".

Regardless what the actual death toll of the Nanjing Massacre was, the fact that Japan had engaged in wanton Massacre and reckless Rapes remains the same.

The following University classroom exercise helps fully understanding how the Asian victims feel about the Japan's denial :

1st Atomic Bomb -- " Aug 6, 1945 : Hiroshima."
2nd Atomic Bomb -- " Aug 9, 1945 : Nagasaki."

I wrote on the whiteboard in large letters.

Then I crossed them out, and placed with big red XX.

"Not True ! " I declared. "The Atomic Bombings never happened ! A total fabrication ! "

My university students were dumbstruck.

We stared at each other in silence for a long time.

"All right. Hiroshima and Nagasaki were bombed," I conceded,
"But only Conventional Bombs were used ! Only a few hundred people were killed ! "

The university students were again dumbstruck.

We stared at each other in another uncomfortable long silence.

Only after I admitted that it was a ruse. All students seemed to collectively exhale in relief.

The actual Nanjing death toll could be debated, but the factual crime of Nanjing Massacre and Rape must be acknowledged by everyone in the debate.

"We have to be aware that the atrocities are not just about people being killed." said Daqing Yang of George Washington University, "It also includes rape, looting, destruction of property..... I think it is more important to understand the whole picture of the Atrocity."

Many Japanese have tried very hard to deny the Nanjing Massacre by turning the debate into a numbers game. To them, it seems that by diminishing the number of death would diminish the extreme brutality of crimes committed.

Ivan Hall has pointed out that, "For them it was all a numbers game, as if getting the dead down from 300,000 to 30,000 really mattered much when the greater moral horror lay in the nature of those wanton, face-to-face killings of unarmed individuals that went on for weeks without any Japanese in authority seeking to stop it."

It is no longer possible — if it ever was — to cast doubts on the extent and nature of the horrific crimes Japanese soldiers perpetrated on Chinese civilians and PoWs in and around Nanjing. Certainly much can never be known, but so much is known and verified that any further attempt by reactionaries and apologists to minimize, mitigate or shirk responsibility for these appalling malefactions demonstrates willful ignorance. Nanjing held hostage to numbers.

The focus on the numbers game casts a huge shadow over the Nanjing discourse, but whether it was 30,000 or 300,000 is hardly the main issue and deflects attention away from understanding the causes and consequences of this atrocity. Holding Nanjing hostage to the slippery numbers game is now a gambit by Japanese conservatives.

Unfortunately, the truth is that a precise figure can never be known.

At the time, the Nanjing Special Municipality encompassed the walled city and its surrounding 6 counties. According to professor Tokushi Kasahara, the civilian population of the Nanjing walled city was between 400,000 and 500,000, and that of the 6 counties more than 1 million when the Japanese army started its attack.

The international community estimated that approx. 200,000 - 300,000 Chinese were killed, and 20,000 - 100,000 women were raped within 2 - 3 months of continuous Rape and Massacre.

After the war, the International Military Tribunal of the Far East (IMTFE), ran from 1946-48, and had 11 judges from 11 countries who heard testimony from 419 witnesses and 779 written testimonies in 818 open hearings on Japan's World War II activities.

The Tribunal court exhibit estimated approx. " 260,000 were slaughtered " (Source: Document no. 1702, box 134, IMTFE records, court exhibits, 1948). The tribunal verdict : "total number of the civilians and prisoners of war murdered in Nanking and its vicinity during the first 6 weeks of the Japanese occupation was over 200,000. "

Note - the number did NOT include huge number of bodies burned, dumped or buried by the Japanese Army.

In 1946, the chief prosecutor of the Nanjing District Court concluded that 260,000 Chinese had died from the massacre, while a summary report prepared by the head procurator of the same district court placed the number at more than 300,000.

On Jan. 17, 1938 during the first month of massacre when the killing was far from over, a cable message by British reporter Harold Timperley for the Manchester Guardian, "I investigated reported atrocities committed by Japanese army in Nanjing and elsewhere. Verbal accounts (of) reliable eye-witnesses and letters from individuals whose credibility (is) beyond question afford convincing proof ..... (Not) less than three hundred thousand Chinese civilians slaughtered .... ".

At the Nanking War Crimes Tribunal, Japanese Lieutenant General Tani Hisao, the commander of the 6th Division, estimated more than 300,000 victims were massacred.

Hora Tomio, Japanese Professor of History at Waseda University, had investigated the atrocities. His research had shown the same conclusion in his books "The Nanjing incident" and "The great Nanjing massacre".

Another Japanese Honda Katsuichi, a prize winning journalist, also reached the similar conclusion in his publication "The road to Nanjing", "The great Nanjing massacre" and The Nanjing Massacre: A Japanese Journalist Confronts Japan's National Shame.

Japanese Historian Kasahara Tokushi at Tsuru University and author of "The Nanjing Incident" concluded that approx. 200,000 people were massacred in the "Nanjing Special Municipality" area.

Fujiwara Akira, a Professor emeritus at Hitotsubashi University and author of "The Japanese Army in Nanjing" reached a similar conclusion that " nearly 200,000 or even more soldiers and civilians " were slaughtered in the "Nanjing Special Municipality" area.

Many other historians, such as Yoshida Yutaka at the Hitotsubashi University, author of "The Whole Picture of the Nanjing Incident Obliges Us to Recognize the History" and Joshua Fogel at the University of California, in his "Correspondence: How Bad Was the Nanjing Massacre ?", also embrace their research conclusion.

Various different Death Toll figures come up by researchers are simply due to their different definitions used for the time duration ("2" or "3" months) of the massacre and different city boundaries of Nanjing area ("Nanjing walled city" or "Nanjing Special Municipality") in their estimations.

Japanese journalist Masato Kajimoto, in his thesis "The Nanking Atrocities", concluded that

"It is safe to say that today the majority of historians estimate the death toll of the Nanking Atorcities in the range between 200,000 - 300,000 as claimed by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE) or the Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal."

Note - the number does NOT include huge number of bodies burned, dumped or buried by the Japanese Army.

The war diary by Paul Scharffenberg, a German diplomat in Nanjing at the time reveals that "The Japanese imposed a news blackout and restricted foreign diplomats' movements in the city" to conceal their Crimes from the international community, the diary discloses.

Therefore, the Western witnesses and diaries could only record a small portion of the actual scope and magnitude of the atrocious Crimes that had been really committed by Japan in Nanjing.

If "3 months" is used as time duration for the continuous massacre , and use the larger "Nanjing Special Municipality" as the city boundary , also include the huge number of bodies burnt , dumped , buried by the Japanese Army to conceal their crimes,

The Nanjing Massacre Death Toll could be more than 300,000.

For comparsion , the Battle for Manila lasted only 28 days . However , estimated 100,000 Filipine civilians were massacred by the Japanese.

James McCallum, one of the 27 Westerners who stayed in Nanjing, wrote in his Family Letter :

"Never have I heard or read of such brutality. Rape: Rape: Rape: We estimate at least 1,000 cases a night and many by day. In case of resistance or anything that seems like disapproval there is a bayonet stab or a bullet. We could write up hundreds of cases a day...."

Chinese women would try to disguise themselves as men, or old women, or don blackface to avoid being gang-raped by Japanese soldiers.

If the same approach is used for the number of Rapes, i.e.
Use "3 months" of continuous Rape , in the larger "Nanjing Special Municipality" as the city boundary , and add the number of girls and women Raped but were too ashame to tell , plus the huge number of girls and women Raped but were killed immediately after the Rape that has been confirmed by many former Japanese soldiers as their common practice to hide their Rape crimes ,

Actual number of girls and women Raped could be more than 100,000 instead of only 20,000.

This is more civilian and PoW massacred by the Japanese than the Atomic Bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki combined (200,000 compared to Nanjing Massacre 300,000).

This is more civilian and PoW massacred or Raped in one Chinese city than the total death or Rapes of many European countries in entire war.

But unlike its former ally Germany, Japan did not make an all-out effort to prosecute war crimes or criminals later in the postwar era after the Allied Occupation ended. Former wartime leaders, even some who had been convicted of A-class war crimes, returned to positions of power. Sentiments to affirm or even glorify the war. Japan conservative revisionists began to argue that the Atrocity was a fabrication or an illusion. From the 1970s onward, voices dismissing or greatly playing down Japan's wartime crimes are regularly heard from Japanese political, academic and media establishment.

In 1971, Japanese journalist Katsuichi Honda published a serialized articles in Asahi, Japan's 2nd largest and prestigious newspaper causing a tremendous stir in Japan. Many Japanese found it difficult to believe that any human being, let alone their own countrymen could have committed such crimes. Honda has been forced to wear disguises in public because of multiple death threats. His book "Chugoku no tabi" (A Journey to China) was published in 1972 and English version "The Nanjing Massacre: A Japanese journalist confronts Japan's National Shame" with excellent research and 40 days trip to China. He visited war memorials, interviewed survivors and documented hundreds pages of testimony.

In 1972, denier Shichihei Yamamoto published his article "Reply to Katsuichi Honda" in Shokun!, another denier Akira Suzuki published article "The Phantom of The Nanking Massacre" in the same Journal.

In 1984, Masaaki Tanaka wrote his book “Fabrication of Nanjing Massacre" which claimed that the Massacre was a myth created by the Tokyo trial and Chinese government.

In 1986, Hata Ikuhiko published his book "Nanking Incident" in which he tried to reduce the number of victims to about 40,000 and argued that killing of PoW should not be considered as Massacre.

In 1990, Shintaro Ishihara, member of the Diet and co-author of "The Japan that Can Say No", declared in the Playboy Magazine that the Nanking Massacre never occurred and it is a lie made up by the Chinese.

Feb. 1999 Nobukatsu Fujioka, a Japanese Professor of Education at Tokyo University and the chairman of the Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform which aims to erase all Japan's atrocities from text book, "Comfort women were not Sex Slaves," said the professor, "They were simply prostitutes taken to war zones by private brokers." He also denied that there was no massacre in 1937 Nanjing.

Nov. 2000 Osamichi Higashinakano, a Japanese Professor of Intellectual History in Asia University and writer Toshio Matsumura Matsumura, author of "Big Doubts about the Nanking Massacre" also tried to distort the truth about the Nanking Massacre as fabrication.

Jan. 23, 2000 In the Japan's 3rd-biggest city of Osaka, a Japanese nationalist group hold a conference in the Osaka Peace Center with the theme "The Biggest Lie of the 20th Century" insisting that the 1937 Nanjing Massacre never occurred.

The same group organised a screening of the Japanese film Pride - The Fateful Moment which depicts WWII leader Hideki Tojo as a heroic warrior rather than a Class A War Criminal at the same Osaka Peace Center in 1998.

Ironically, the sole purpose of establishing the Osaka Peace Center is "NOT to forget the tremendous damage inflicted by Japan on people of China and other Asia-Pacific countries as well as people in Korea and Taiwan under colonial rule."

The Governor of Tokyo, Shintaro Ishihara has frequently called the Nanjing Massacre a lie.

Keihachiro Shimizu, a Japanese professor at a respected university who believes the Unit 731 and Nanjing Massacre never existed, said, "If Japan did not exist in Asia, China would have been divided up by Western people like Africa was. China has survived because of Japan."

Japanese cabinet ministers also frequently made similar public denying comments with some losing their posts over their statements.

In May 1994, Japanese Justice Minister and Army Chief of Staff Nagano Shigeto said the Pacific War was to liberate Asia, the Nanjing Massacre was a fabrication. He was later forced to resign.

In 1995, Japanese Education Minster Shimamura Yoshinobu frequently made statements to down play Japanese atrocities during the war.

In Jan. 1997, Seiroku Kajiyama, a LDP contender for the premiership, even claimed that "comfort women" had provided sex to Japanese troops "for money".

Former navy sailor Sho Mitani, 90, said he chose to speak out when Tokyo's conservative governor Shintaro Ishihara in a 1990 magazine interview denied the Nanking massacre as a "lie." "I told myself, 'Now that's wrong,' because it really happened," said Mitani, who said he witnessed killings through a telescope from a navy destroyer. "I had to tell the truth".

Many of the western missionaries' diaries and letters that elaborately depicted the scale and character of the Nanjing Massacre are all available at the Yale Divinity School Library, where Martha Smalley works as the archivist.

To the Japanese Nanjing Massacre "denying camp", Martha said, " We have never had Japanese ultra-nationalists come here and look at these records because it is very clear to anyone, looking at these records, that it occurred. You have several different people giving independent accounts and they were all documenting the same events. These could not possibly be any kind of way that they were making up what they saw. "

The fatal blow to the Japanese deniers came in mid-1980s. In order to refute the Myth of Nanjing Massacre, a campaign was initiated by the Japanese War Veterans' organization - Kaikosha. The organization asked its 18,000 former soldier members to submit eyewitness testimonies to "dis-credit" the Nanjing Massacre for its newsletter - Kaiko.

Ironically, contrary to their expectations, many Kaikosha members sent in eyewitness accounts affirming that the unspeakable massacres, rapes, and other acts of wanton atrocities did indeed happen in Nanjing.

The Kaiko editors published these materials unaltered, and Chief Editor Katogawa Kotaro ended the series in March 1985 and wrote in the concluding part of the 11 part series about the Nanjing Massacre, "No matter what the conditions of battle were, and no matter how that affected the hearts of men, such large-scale illegal killings cannot be justified. As someone affiliated with the former Japanese army, I can only apologize deeply to the Chinese people. I am truly sorry. We did horrible things to you."

The Kaikosha published a semi-official history, the Nankin senshi, plus a collection of primary sources, the Nankin senshi shiryo shu. These two works documented 15,760 civilian casualties and 16,000 POWs summarily killed. However, the Japanese editors insisted that not all of these were illegal or illegitimate killings, and that Chinese counterclaims of 200,000 or 300,000 victims are fabricated. Even so, by publishing primary sources that contain the facts and by admitting the Atrocity’s historicity, the Kaikosha conclusively repudiated Japanese false claims that the event never took place and was a Chinese fabrication.

In 1988, Ono Kenji wanted to know what had happened to the approx. 20,000 Chinese PoWs captured by Yamada Detachment of the 13th division.

For 7 years, he interviewed 200 war veterans, collected 24 wartime diaries, video taped many confessions, and collected other historical evidences.

Ono has documented his remarkable research in his publications "Imperial Army Soldiers Who Recorded the Nanjing Massacre", "Massacre or Discharge? Fate of the About 20,000 PoWs captured by Yamada Detachment", "Thirteen lies in the Nanjing Massacre Deniers' Claims".

His in-depth research has revealed how the shocking mass executions occurred near the Mufu Mountain that lasted 2 days and 2 nights. The dead corpses were quickly burnt with gasoline or dumped into the Yantze river.

An entry on Dec. 16 in one of his collected diaries, we "mowed them down by machine guns. Then we stabbed them with bayonets to our satisfaction. I probably bayoneted 30-odd hateful Chinese soldiers. Climbing up the heap of dead bodies and bayoneting them gave me a courage, which made me feel I could even vanquish ogres. I stabbed them with all my might while hearing them groan. There were some old ones and kids. I killed them all ......"

One of his video taped confessions, "The order 'to do it' came through all the way from the top ..... Those high-rankings don't know what it was like. They just order and never come to the scene ..... I don't know how they could talk about it. They haven't even seen it. We, noncommissioned officers and men, were the ones who actually carried it out ..... I wonder who on earth are those people to claim that such a miserable incident was 'fabrication' ......".

Japanese history Professor Saburo Ienaga, who became for many as the "Conscience of Japan", had launched 3 highly publicized lawsuits lasted 32 years against the Department of Education.

After the 32 years prolonged lawsuits, in conclusion, Japanese History Professor Saburo Ienaga wrote in Nanking Massacre and the School Textbook Screening Lawsuit :

"Durng World War II the Nanking Massacre was a secret strictly hidden from Japanese people. Only after the War did we come to know about what happened through news reports on the International Military Tribunal in Tokyo. I thought that we Japanese should feel ashamed because as perpetrators we didn't know anything about this major event which was very well-known among the victims and their compatriots. I therefore considered it as being necessary to mention it in the school history textbook. However, I decided not to do so as it was obvious during period of the 1970's that my entire textbook draft would have been rejected by the screening officials if I had touched on the subject."

"Later on at the beginning of the 1980's I decided that the Nanking Massacre should be mentioned and I actually wrote about it. As expected, I was requested to revise the description of the subject. This indeed became one of the major issues of the school textbook screening lawsuit. In 1993 the Tokyo High Court ruled that the government (Ministry of Education) had acted illegally when screening the description of "Nanking Massacre" in my draft textbook. The government did not appeal this High Court ruling to the Supreme (highest) Court. As a result, the High Court ruling on the illegal screening regarding the Nanking Massacre was finalized. We are now able to openly write about it in the textbooks."

"In August 1997 the Supreme Court issued the judgement that marked the conclusion of the school textbook lawsuit. Through the long process of the lawsuit, the final result is that nobody could now seriously argue that the Nanking Massacre was nothing but a fabrication."

In 1987, Azuma Shiro becomes the first former Japanese soldier to publicly admit and apologize for what he did in the Nanjing. He told his story by publishing his diaries "My Nanking Platoon" and was sued for libel. But Azuma vows to keep fighting in courts for the right to speak Truth, "I am 86 year old now, but I will fight to death like a young man, but this time is not for the Emperor but for the Justice and the History." He suffered harassment and threats from Japanese right-wings denounced him as a traitor.

When the Japanese deniers finally realize that it is impossible to deny the whole truth completely. They changed their tactics and argue that the Massacre was a fabrication because relatively few people were killed and the small number killed were not illegal under the international laws of war. Deniers also attempt to shift focus by arguing that the Massacre was no more terrible than many other atrocities committed by various nations in the 20th century.

"They say executing plain-clothes soldiers and stragglers are not massacres ..... It seems even right leaning scholars are criticizing this arbitrary interpretation of the law by the denying camp," said the Japanese historian Yoshida Yutaka at Hitotsubashi University, "The most important aspect of the historical analysis, which is, why it happened ? What drove the Japanese troops to go on the rampage in the way they did in Nanjing ?"

Many Japanese have tried very hard to deny the Massacre by turning the debate into a numbers game. To them, it seems that by diminishing the number of death would diminish the extreme brutality of crimes committed.

Ivan Hall has pointed out that, "For them it was all a numbers game, as if getting the dead down from 300,000 to 30,000 really mattered much when the greater moral horror lay in the nature of those wanton, face-to-face killings of unarmed individuals that went on for weeks without any Japanese in authority seeking to stop it."

Japan often said that Japan's aim in WWII was simply to liberate Asia from Western colonialism and also project themselves as the victims instead of atrocious perpetrators of WWII because atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, ignoring all the facts that Nanjing Massacare, infamous Unit 731, Unit 100, Unit 516, Slavery, Opium, Sex Slaves were the most horrific chapters against Humanity in the 20th century.

Japan is responsible for the death of more than 30 Million Asian during its 14 years brutal WWII invasion,

including millions of Chinese, Korean, Indonesian, Vietnamese, Filippino, Malaysia, Burma, Thailand, Singapore ..........

It was an Asian Holocaust against Humanity committed by Japan in WWII and NOT yet confessed.